目的 研究抗癌平丸联合卡培他滨片治疗直肠癌的临床疗效。方法 选取2017年6月—2018年6月复旦大学附属中山医院青浦分院治疗的110例直肠癌患者作为研究对象，采用随机对照表法将所有患者分为对照组和治疗组，每组各55例。对照组患者口服卡培他滨片，1 250 mg/m²，2次/d，早晚各1次，治疗2周后停药1周。治疗组患者在对照组治疗的基础上口服抗癌平丸，1瓶/次，3次/d。3周为1个疗程，两组患者持续治疗2个疗程。观察两组患者的临床疗效，同时比较两组治疗前后的生命质量测定量表（QLQ-C30）评分、肿瘤标志物和免疫功能指标水平。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组的客观缓解率分别为54.55%、65.45%，疾病控制率分别为76.36%、89.09%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患者躯体、情绪、认知、社会功能和角色评分显著升高，同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；治疗后，治疗组QLQ-C30评分明显高于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患者血清癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖类抗原糖链抗原242（CA242）、糖类抗原糖链抗原199（CA199）水平均显著降低，同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；治疗后，治疗组肿瘤标志物水平明显低于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，对照组CD3⁺、CD4⁺、NK细胞和CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平显著降低，治疗组CD3⁺、CD4⁺、NK细胞和CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平均显著升高，同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；治疗后，治疗组免疫功能水平显著高于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 抗癌平丸联合卡培他滨片治疗直肠癌具有较好的临床疗效，能够提高患者生活质量，改善患者免疫功能，安全性较高，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To study the curative effect of Kang'aiping Pills combined with Capecitabine Tablets in treatment of rectal cancer. Methods Patients (110 cases) with rectal cancer in Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from June 2017 to June 2018 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, and each group had 55 cases. Patients in the control group were po administered with Capecitabine Tablets 1 250 mg/m² in the morning and evening. After treatment for 2 weeks, the drug was stopped for 1 week. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Kang'aiping Pills on the basis of control group, 1 bottle/time, three times daily. A course of treatment had 3 weeks, and patients in two groups were treated for 2 courses. After treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated, and the QLQ-C30 score, tumor markers, and immune function index levels in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the objective remission rates in the control and treatment groups were 54.55% and 65.45%, respectively, and the disease control rates in the control and treatment groups were 76.36% and 89.09%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of physical, emotional, cognitive, social functions and roles in two groups were significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). After treatment, the QLQ-C30 score in the treatment were significantly higher than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of CEA, CA242, and CA199 in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of tumor markers in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, CD3⁺, CD4⁺, NK cells, and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in the control group were significantly decreased, but CD3⁺, CD4⁺, NK cells, and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in the treatment group were significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). After treatment, the immune function indexes in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Kang'aiping Pills combined with Capecitabine Tablets has a good therapeutic effect in treatment of rectal cancer, can improve the quality of life and the immune function of patients, and has high safety, which has a certain clinical application value.