目的 了解首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院吡嗪酰胺相关药物不良反应（ADR）情况。方法 对首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院2012年1月—2018年12月收集的268例吡嗪酰胺ADR报告，从患者一般情况、食物/药物过敏史、药物用法用量、不良反应的临床表现、发生时间、严重程度、处理方式、因果关系评价和临床转归进行回顾性分析。结果 268例吡嗪酰胺ADR报告中，男女性别比例为2.44∶1，21～30岁年龄段构成比最高，为32.5%；既往有食物/药物过敏史者52例，占19.4%；累及内分泌代谢系统185例，占69.0%；不良反应均为一般不良反应，发生平均时间为（7.6±4.3）d，处理方式为加强监测、对症治疗、减量或停药。结论 吡嗪酰胺相关不良反应的类型复杂多样，临床使用中应在预防、评价、监测、处置等环节予以重视提高，以达到安全、有效的用药目的。

Objective To investigate the adverse drug reactions (ADR) in Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University. Methods 268 ADR cases of pyrazinamide collected from January 2012 to December 2018 in Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University were retrospectively analyzed in terms of general condition of patients, history of food/drug allergy, dosage of drugs, clinical manifestations of adverse reactions, onset time, severity, treatment methods, causality evaluation, and clinical outcome. Results Among 268 ADR reports, the sex ratio of male to female was 2.44:1, and 21-30 age group had the highest constituent ratio (32.5%). 52 Cases (19.4%) had a history of food/drug allergy, and 185 cases (69.0%) involved endocrine and metabolic systems. Most ADR were general adverse reaction. The average time of adverse reactions was (7.6 ±4.3) d. The treatment included intensive monitoring, symptomatic treatment, reduction or discontinuation of drugs. Conclusion The adverse reactions related to pyrazinamide are complex and varied. Prevention, evaluation, monitoring and disposal in clinical use should be paid more attention to, so as to achieve safe and effective drug use.