目的 探讨复方鱼腥草糖浆联合注射用头孢唑林钠治疗小儿肺炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2017年1月-2018年1月在湖北医药学院附属东风医院就诊的小儿肺炎患儿116例作为研究对象，将全部患者按照随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组，每组各58例。对照组静脉滴注注射用头孢唑林钠，100 mg/（kg·d），1次/d。治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上口服复方鱼腥草糖浆，3岁以下，10 mL/次，3~7岁，15 mL/次，7岁以上，20 mL/次，3次/d。两组患儿连续治疗7 d。观察两组的临床疗效，比较两组的临床症状改善、炎症因子水平。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为82.76%、94.83%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组的退热时间、止咳时间、肺啰音消失时间、肺部阴影消失时间均低于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组的白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-17（IL-17）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、C反应蛋白（CRP）水平均明显降低，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组的炎症因子水平均明显低于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 复方鱼腥草糖浆联合注射用头孢唑林钠治疗小儿肺炎具有较好的临床疗效，可改善临床症状，降低炎症因子的水平，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Compound Yuxingchao Syrup combined with Cefazolin Sodium for injection in treatment of pneumonia in children. Methods Children (116 cases) with pneumonia in Dongfeng Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine from January 2017 to January 2018 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, and each group had 58 cases. Patients in the control group were iv administered with Cefazolin Sodium for injection, 100 mg/(kg·d), once daily. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Compound Yuxingchao Syrup on the basis of the control group, under 3 years old, with 10 mL/time, 3-7 years old with 15 mL/time, and over 7 years old with 20 mL/time, three times daily. Patients in two groups were treated for 7 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacies were evaluated, and the improvements of clinical symptoms and the levels of inflammatory factors in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 82.76% and 94.83%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, antipyretic time, cough relief time, lung rale disappearance time, and lung shadow disappearance time in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group, an there was difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of IL-1β, IL-17, TNF-α, and CRP in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P < 0.05). And the levels of inflammatory factors in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Compound Yuxingchao Syrup combined with Cefazolin Sodium for injection has clinical curative effect in treatment of pneumonia in children, can improve clinical symptoms, and reduce the levels of inflammatory factors, which has a certain clinical application value.