目的 采用体内外炎症模型研究丹参酮Ⅱ_A抗炎活性作用及其作用机制。方法 建立脂多糖（LPS）诱导巨噬细胞RAW264.7细胞体外炎症模型，检测不同浓度丹参酮Ⅱ_A对炎症因子水平、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）、环氧化酶2（COX-2）蛋白表达及其基因表达的影响。建立二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀和角叉菜胶大鼠足跖肿胀炎症模型，探讨不同浓度丹参酮Ⅱ_A的体内抗炎作用。结果 丹参酮Ⅱ_A对RAW264.7细胞无明显毒性。与LPS组比较，丹参酮Ⅱ_A剂量在2.5～40 mg/L呈明显剂量相关性地抑制一氧化氮（NO）、白细胞介素-1b（IL-1b）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）释放（P<0.05、0.01）。与LPS组比较，丹参酮Ⅱ_A呈现剂量相关性地抑制LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞iNOS和COX-2蛋白的表达（P<0.01）。与LPS组比较，丹参酮Ⅱ_A呈剂量相关性地下调LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞中的iNOS、COX-2、IL-1b和IL-6基因表达（P<0.05、0.01）。丹参酮Ⅱ_A在10～60 mg/kg对二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀有不同程度的抑制作用，对角叉菜胶所致大鼠足跖肿胀有不同程度的抑制作用，并呈剂量相关性（P<0.05、0.01），且当丹参酮Ⅱ_A给药剂量达到40 mg/kg时，其抗炎效果强于阿司匹林。结论 丹参酮Ⅱ_A具有抗炎作用，其作用机制可能与减少巨噬细胞炎症介质生成和释放、炎症基因iNOS、COX-2、IL-1b和IL-6的表达密切相关。

Objective To study the anti-inflammatory effect and its mechanism of tanshinone Ⅱ_A by inflammation model in vivo and in vitro. Methods An inflammatory model in vitro of macrophages RAW264.7 induced by LPS was established to detect the effects of tanshinone Ⅱ_A with different concentrations on the inflammatory cytokines levels, the expression of iNOS and COX-2 proteins, and the gene expressions. The models of xylene-induced mice ear edema and carrageenan-induced paw edema were established to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of different concentrations of tanshinone Ⅱ_A in vivo. Results There was no cytotoxicity of tanshinone Ⅱ_A on RAW264.7 cells. Compared with LPS group, tanshinone Ⅱ_A could significantly inhibit the NO, IL-1b, and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner at 2.5-40 mg/L (P<0.05, 0.01). Compared with LPS group, tanshinone Ⅱ_A could inhibit the expression of iNOS and COX-2 protein in RAW264.7 cells induced by LPS in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01). Compared with LPS group, tanshinone Ⅱ_A could down-regulate the levels of iNOS, COX-2, IL-1b and IL-6 genes in RAW264.7 cells induced by LPS in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05, 0.01). Tanshinone Ⅱ_A (10-60 mg/kg) could show different degree of inhibitory effect on ear edema of mice caused by xylene and paw edema of rats caused by carrageenan with a dose correlation (P<0.05, 0.01). When the dose of tanshinone Ⅱ_A reached 40 mg/kg, its anti-inflammatory effect was stronger than aspirin. Conclusion Tanshinone Ⅱ_A has a direct anti-inflammatory effect, which is related to macrophage inflammatory mediator production and release and the genes expression of iNOS, COX-2, IL-1b and IL-6.