术后认知功能障碍（POCD）是患者术后出现的一种中枢神经系统并发症，主要表现为认知功能损害。目前确切发病机制尚不清楚。但越来越多的研究表明，麻醉药物是POCD发生的重要影响因素之一。因此，通过对麻醉药物影响POCD的相关机制的了解，可为临床防治POCD提供参考和新的思路。

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a central nervous system complication that occurs after surgery and anesthesia, mainly manifested by cognitive impairment. At present, the exact pathogenesis of POCD remains unclear. However, in recent years, more and more evidence show that anesthetics are one of the important factors affecting the prevalence of POCD. Therefore, the understanding of the above influences and mechanisms can provide a reference and some new ideas for the prevention and treatment of POCD.