目的 探讨疏风解毒胶囊联合美敏伪麻溶液治疗小儿感染后咳嗽的临床疗效。方法 选取2017年2月—2018年2月襄阳市中心医院收治的感染后咳嗽患儿128例为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组，每组各64例。对照组口服美敏伪麻溶液，10 mL/次，3次/d。治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上口服疏风解毒胶囊，4粒/次，3次/d。两组患儿均连续治疗7 d。观察两组的临床疗效，比较两组的细胞因子水平和咳嗽症状评分。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为81.25%、93.75%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组P物质（SP）、白细胞介素-8（IL-8）、嗜酸性阳离子蛋白（ECP）水平均明显降低，而白细胞介素-10（IL-10）水平明显升高，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组细胞因子水平明显优于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组日间咳嗽评分、夜间咳嗽评分明显降低，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组咳嗽症状评分明显低于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 疏风解毒胶囊联合美敏伪麻溶液治疗小儿感染后咳嗽具有较好的临床疗效，能改善咳嗽症状，调节细胞因子水平，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Shufeng Jiedu Capsules combined with Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride Chlorphenamine Maleate and Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Solution in treatment of cough after infection in children. Methods Children (128 cases) with cough after infection in Xiangyang Central Hospital from February 2017 to February 2018 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, and each group had 64 cases. Patients in the control group were po administered with Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride Chlorphenamine Maleate and Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Solution, 10 mL/time, three times daily. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Shufeng Jiedu Capsules on the basis of the control group, 4 grains/time, three times daily. Patients in two groups were treated for 7 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacies were evaluated, and cytokine levels and cough symptom scores in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 81.25% and 93.75%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of SP, IL-8, and ECP in two groups were significantly decreased, but the levels of IL-10 in two groups were significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the cytokines levels in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, daytime cough scores and nocturnal cough scores in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the cough symptom scores in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Shufeng Jiedu Capsules combined with Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride Chlorphenamine Maleate and Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Solution has clinical curative effect in treatment of cough after infection in children, can improve cough symptoms, and regulate cytokines levels, which has a certain clinical application value.