子宫肌瘤是子宫内的非癌激素反应性肌肉组织肿瘤，也是最常见的女性生殖系统良性肿瘤，发病机制至今尚不明确。vilaprisan是由拜耳研发的一种新型口服选择性孕酮受体调节剂（SPRM），目前正在患有子宫肌瘤的女性中开展Ⅲ期临床研究，其有效性和安全性已经得到验证。vilaprisan可能会用于子宫肌瘤有效的长期治疗。主要从vilaprisan的药物概况、相关背景、合成路线、药理作用、临床研究、安全性等方面进行介绍。

Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous hormone responsive muscle tumors in the uterus, and also the most common female reproductive system benign tumor. But the pathogenesis is still unclear. Vilaprisan is a noval oral, highly potent, and selective progesterone receptor modulator. At present, the phase Ⅲ clinical trials of vilaprisan in female with uterine fibroid are in progress and its effectiveness and safety have been confirmed. The drug situation, background, route of synthesis, pharmacological action, clinical research, and safety of vilaprisan are reviewed in this paper.