目的 探讨小儿肺热咳喘口服液联合磷酸奥司他韦颗粒治疗小儿病毒性肺炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2017年3月-2018年2月中国人民解放军第306医院收治的病毒性肺炎患儿124例为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组，每组各62例。对照组口服磷酸奥司他韦颗粒，体质量<15 kg 30 mg/次，15~23 kg 45 mg/次，23~40 kg 60 mg/次，>40 kg 75 mg/次，2次/d。治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上口服小儿肺热咳喘口服液，1~3岁，10 mL/次，3次/d； 4~7岁，10 mL/次，4次/d； 8~12岁，20 mL/次，3次/d。两组患儿均连续治疗5 d。观察两组的临床疗效，比较两组的临床改善情况和细胞因子水平。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为80.65%、93.55%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组体温恢复正常时间、咳嗽消失时间、肺啰音消失时间短于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组C反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、基质金属蛋白酶9（MMP-9）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）水平均显著降低，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组细胞因子水平明显低于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05） 结论 小儿肺热咳喘口服液联合磷酸奥司他韦颗粒治疗小儿病毒性肺炎具有较好的临床疗效，能改善临床症状，调节细胞因子水平，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of Xiaoer Feire Kechuan Oral Liquid combined with Oseltamivir Phosphate Granules in treatment of viral pneumonia in children. Methods Children (124 cases) with viral pneumonia in the 306th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army from March 2017 to February 2018 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, and each group had 62 cases. Patients in the control group were po administered with Oseltamivir Phosphate Granules, body weight < 15 kg, 30 mg/time, 15 kg ≤ body weight ≤ 40 kg, 60 mg/time, body weight > 40 kg, 75 mg/time, twice daily. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Xiaoer Feire Kechuan Oral Liquid on the basis of the control group, 1 < age < 3, 10 mL/time, three times daily, 4 < age < 7, 10 mL/time, four times daily, 8 < age < 12, 20 mL/time, three times daily. Patients in two groups were treated for 5 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacies were evaluated, and clinical improvement and cytokine levels in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 80.65% and 93.55%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, recovery time of body temperature, cough disappear time, and pulmonary rales disappear time in the treatment group were shorter than those in the control group, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of CRP, IL-6, MMP-9, and TNF-α in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the cytokine levels in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Xiaoer Feire Kechuan Oral Liquid combined with Oseltamivir Phosphate Granules has clinical curative effect in treatment of viral pneumonia in children, can improve clinical symptoms, and regulate cytokine levels, which has a certain clinical application value.