目的 探讨妇炎消胶囊联合硝呋太尔制霉素治疗细菌性阴道炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2015年3月-2017年3月在宣城市人民医院进行治疗的68例细菌性阴道炎，根据门诊号的奇偶数分为对照组和治疗组，每组各34例。对照组每日晚上临睡前清洗外阴后将1粒硝呋太尔制霉素阴道软胶囊置于阴道后穹窿处。治疗组在对照组治疗基础上口服妇炎消胶囊，3粒/次，3次/d。两组均连续治疗6 d。观察两组的临床疗效，比较两组治疗前后临床症状评分、阴道灌洗液指标、阴道分泌物化验结果的变化情况。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为82.35%、97.06%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组白带量评分、白带异味评分、阴道瘙痒评分、黏膜充血评分均较治疗前显著降低，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；治疗后，治疗组白带量评分、白带异味评分、阴道瘙痒评分、黏膜充血评分显著低于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组阴道灌洗液中白细胞介素-1（IL-6）、白细胞介素-13（IL-13）、白细胞介素-8（IL-8）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平较治疗前均显著降低，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；治疗后，治疗组阴道灌洗液中IL-6、IL-13、IL-8、TNF-α水平显著低于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组阴道分泌物中线索细胞阳性例数、胺试验阳性例数和pH值>4.5例数均较治疗前显著减少，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；治疗后，治疗组线索细胞阳性例数、胺试验阳性例数和pH值>4.5例数均显著少于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。随访3个月，对照组和治疗组的复发率分别为26.47%、5.88%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 妇炎消胶囊联合硝呋太尔制霉素阴道软胶囊治疗细菌性阴道炎具有较好的临床疗效，可有效改善患者临床症状和机体炎症反应，促进阴道微生态环境改善，降低复发率，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Fuyanxiao Capsules combined with nifuratel nysfungin in treatment of bacterial vaginitis. Methods Patients (68 cases) with bacterial vaginitis in the People's Hospital of Xuancheng City from March 2015 to March 2017 were divided into control (34 cases) and treatment (34 cases) groups according to the odd and even number of hospitalization. Patients in the control group were placed 1 grain Nifuratel Nysfungin Vaginal Soft Capsules in the posterior fornix of the vagina every night after washing the vulva before going to bed. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Fuyanxiao Capsules on the basis of the control group, 3 grains/time, three times daily. Patients in two groups were treated for 6 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated, and the changes of clinical symptoms score, vaginal lavage indicators and vaginal secretions test results in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacy in the control and treatment group were 82.35% and 97.06%, and there were differences between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, leucorrhea score, leucorrhea score, vagina pruritus score, and mucosal congestion score in two groups were significantly decreased, and there were differences in the same group (P < 0.05). After treatment, leucorrhea score, leucorrhea score, vagina pruritus score, and mucosal congestion score in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group, and there were differences between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, IL-6, IL-13, IL-8, and TNF-α in two groups were significantly decreased, and there were differences in the same group (P < 0.05). After treatment, IL-6, IL-13, IL-8, and TNF-α in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group, and there were differences between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, numbers of cue cells positive, amine test positive and pH > 4.5 of vaginal secretions in two groups were significantly decreased, and there were differences in the same group (P < 0.05). After treatment, numbers of cue cells positive, amine test positive and pH > 4.5 of vaginal secretions in the treatment group were fewer than those in the control group, and there were differences between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the recurrence rates in the control and treatment group were 5.88% and 26.47%, and there were differences between two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Fuyanxiao Capsules combined with nifuratel nysfungin has significant clinical effect in treatment of bacterial vaginitis, and can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and inflammatory response, also can promote the improvement of vaginal microecological environment, and reduce the recurrence rate, which has a certain clinical application value.