目的 探讨寒喘祖帕颗粒联合小儿肺热咳喘口服液治疗婴幼儿毛细支气管炎的临床效果。方法 选取攀钢集团总医院于2014年6月-2017年9月收治的毛细支气管炎患儿85例，随机分成对照组（42例）和治疗组（43例）。对照组口服小儿肺热咳喘口服液，0~1岁患儿5 mL/次，1~2岁10 mL/次，3次/d。治疗组在对照组的基础上口服寒喘祖帕颗粒，2 g/次，2次/d。两组患儿均连续治疗7 d。观察两组患者临床疗效，同时比较治疗前后两组患者临床症状缓解时间、二氧化碳分压（pCO₂）、呼吸频率（RR）值、外周血嗜酸性细胞（EOS）计数、pH值、潮气量（VT）值、外周血细胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）、干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和辅助性T细胞17（Th17）/调节性T细胞（Treg）比率。结果 治疗后，对照组的总有效率为78.6%，显著低于治疗组的95.3%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组临床症状缓解时间均显著短于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组pCO₂、RR值和血EOS计数均显著下降（P<0.05），pH值和VT值显著升高（P<0.05），且治疗组上述理化指标明显优于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组外周血ICAM-1水平和Th17/Treg比率及血清IL-6水平较治疗前均显著降低（P<0.05），血清IFN-γ浓度显著升高（P<0.05），且治疗组ICAM-1、IFN-γ、IL-6和Th17/Treg水平明显优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 寒喘祖帕颗粒联合小儿肺热咳喘口服液治疗婴幼儿毛细支气管炎可有效减轻患儿临床症状，改善肺功能，调控免疫功能。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Hanchuan Zupa Granules combined with and Xiaoer Feire Kechuan Oral Liquid in treatment of infants with bronchiolitis. Methods Infants (85 cases) with bronchioliti in Pangang Group General Hospital from June 2014 to September 2017 were randomly divided into control (42 cases) and treatment (43 cases) groups. Infants in the control group were po administered with Xiaoer Feire Kechuan Oral Liquid, 5 mL/time for 0-1 year old infants, 10 mL/time for 1-2 years old infants, three times daily. Infants in the treatment group were po administered with Hanchuan Zupa Granules on the basis of the control group, 2 g/time, twice daily. Infants in two groups were treated for 7 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated, and the clinical symptom remission time, pCO₂, RR, EOS, pH, VT, ICAM-1, IFN-γ, IL-6, and Th17/Treg ratio in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacy in the control group was 78.6%, which was significantly lower than 95.3% in the treatment group, and there were differences between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the clinical symptom remission time in the treatment group after treatment was significantly shorter than that in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the pCO₂, RR value and EOS count in two groups was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), but pH and VT value was significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the related physical and chemical indicators in the treatment group after treatment were significantly better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the ICAM-1 levels in peripheral blood, Th17/Treg ratio and serum IL-6 levels in two groups were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), but serum IFN-γ levels were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the ICAM-1, IFN-γ, IL-6 and Th17/Treg ratio in the treatment group after treatment were significantly better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Hanchuan Zupa Granules combined with and Xiaoer Feire Kechuan Oral Liquid in treatment of infants with bronchiolitis can effectively relieve the symptoms, improve lung function and regulate immune function.