氯胺酮因其独特的非竞争性N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体拮抗作用展现出多靶点的缺血再灌注损伤保护潜力。艾司氯胺酮是氯胺酮的右旋光学异构体，具有更强的效价。总结了氯胺酮、艾司氯胺酮改善脑、心脏、肾脏、肝脏、肠缺血再灌注损伤的研究进展，探讨其对重要器官缺血再灌注损伤的作用机制，指导其在围术期发挥器官保护作用。

Ketamine exhibits multi-target ischemia-reperfusion injury protection potential due to its unique non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonism. Esketamine, the right-handed optical isomer of ketamine, possesses stronger efficacy. This article summarizes the research progress of ketamine and esketamine in improving brain, heart, kidney, liver, and intestine ischemia-reperfusion injury, explores their mechanisms on important organ ischemia-reperfusion injury, and guides their organ protective effects during the perioperative period.

R965;R972

国家自然科学基金资助项目（82460240）