目的 系统评价小儿麻甘颗粒与氨溴索联合治疗喘息性支气管肺炎患儿的临床疗效。方法 选取2022年1月—2024年12月郑州大学附属儿童医院收治的喘息性支气管肺炎患儿92例，依据随机数字表法分为对照组（46例）和治疗组（46例）。对照组静脉滴注盐酸氨溴索注射液，年龄≤6岁患儿7.5 mg/次，年龄＞6岁患儿15 mg/次，2次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上口服小儿麻甘颗粒，1～3岁患儿1.6 mg/次，年龄＞4岁患儿2.5 g/次，4次/d。两组患儿连续治疗7 d。观察两组患儿临床疗效，比较治疗前后两组患儿临床症状缓解时间，及白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、IL-8、IL-4和IL-35水平。结果 治疗后，治疗组总有效率明显高于对照组（97.83% vs 80.43%，P＜0.05）。治疗后，治疗组咳嗽、气促、喘息及哮鸣音缓解时间均明显早于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后，两组IL-6、CRP、IL-8、IL-4水平比治疗前明显下降，而IL-35水平明显升高（P＜0.05），且治疗组炎症因子水平显著好于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 小儿麻甘颗粒联合氨溴索治疗小儿喘息性支气管肺炎具有显著疗效，不仅能有效改善患儿的临床症状，还可调节机体炎症反应，且联合用药方案的安全性良好。

Objective To systematically evaluate the effect of Xiaoer Magan Granules combined with ambroxol in treatment of children with asthmatic bronchopneumonia. Methods Children (92 cases) with asthmatic bronchopneumonia in Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from January 2022 to December 2024 were randomly divided into control (46 cases) and treatment (46 cases) group. Children in the control group were iv administered with Ambroxol Hydrochloride Injection, 7.5 mg/time for less than 6 years old children, 15 mg/time for more than 6 years old, twice daily. Children in the treatment group were po administered with Xiaoer Magan Granules on the basis of the control group, 1.6 mg/time for 1 — 3 years old children, 2.5 mL/time for more than 4 years old children, four times daily. Children in two groups were treated for 7 d. After treatment, the clinical evaluations were evaluated, and the clinical symptom relief time, and the levels of IL-6, CRP, IL-8, IL-4, and IL-35 in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the total effective rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (97.83% vs 80.43%, P < 0.05). After treatment, the relief time of cough, shortness of breath, wheezing and wheezing in the treatment group was significantly earlier than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of IL-6, CRP, IL-8, and IL-4 in two groups were significantly decreased compared with before treatment, while IL-35 was significantly increased (P < 0.05). The levels of inflammatory factors in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The combination of Xiaoer Magan Granules combined with ambroxol has a significant therapeutic effect on the treatment of asthmatic bronchial pneumonia in children, which can not only effectively improve the clinical symptoms of children, but also regulate the inflammatory reaction, and the combined drug regimen is safe.

R985

河南省医学科技攻关计划项目（LHGJ20230588）