目的 探讨桉柠蒎肠溶软胶囊联合吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液治疗支气管扩张症的临床疗效。方法 选取濮阳市人民医院在2022年4月—2025年4月收治的支气管扩张症患者共计80例，将患者按随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组，每组各40例。对照组雾化吸入吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液，3 mL/次，2次/d。治疗组在对照组治疗基础上餐前30 min口服桉柠蒎肠溶软胶囊，1粒/次，2次/d。两组患者持续用药10 d。比较两组的临床疗效、症状消失时间、病情程度、生活质量、肺功能指标、血清指标。结果 治疗组的总有效率为95.00%，明显高于对照组的总有效率77.50%，组间比较差异显著（P＜0.05）。治疗组患者咳嗽、咯痰、肺啰音消失时间均明显短于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后，两组患者的支扩严重指数（BSI）、圣·乔治呼吸问卷（SGRQ）评分均显著降低（P＜0.05）；治疗组的BSI、SGRQ评分均低于对照组（P＜0.05）。两组患者治疗后的呼气峰值流速（PEF）、第1秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量比值（FEV1/FVC）均明显升高（P＜0.05），且治疗组的PEF、FEV1/FVC明显高于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后，两组患者血清C反应蛋白/白蛋白（CAR）、基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制物-1（TIMP-1）、人中性粒细胞防御素1-3（HNP1-3）水平均明显降低（P＜0.05）；治疗组治疗后血清CAR、TIMP-1、HNP1-3水平均低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 桉柠蒎肠溶软胶囊联合吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液可提高支气管扩张症的治疗效果，促进病情程度改善，改善生活质量和肺功能，有助于减轻炎症和纤维化进程。

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Eucalyptol, Limonene and Pinene Enteric Soft Capsules combined with Acetylcysteine Solution for inhalation in treatment of bronchiectasis. Methods 80 Patients with bronchiectasis admitted to Puyang People’s Hospital from April 2022 to April 2025 were selected, and were divide into control group and treatment group according to a random number table method, with 40 patients in each group. The control group received nebulized inhalation of Acetylcysteine Solution for inhalation at a dose of 3 mL/time, twice daily. The treatment group was po administered with Eucalyptol, Limonene and Pinene Enteric Soft Capsules on the base of control group at a dose of 1 capsule/time, twice daily, 30 minutes before meals. The two groups of patients continued to take the medication for 10 d. The clinical efficacy, symptom disappearance time, disease severity, quality of life, lung function indicators, and serum indicators were compared between two groups of patients. Results The total effective rate of the treatment group was 95.00%, significantly higher than the total effective rate of 77.50% in the control group, and the difference between two groups was significant (P < 0.05). The disappearance time of cough, sputum, and lung rales in the treatment group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the severity index of bronchiectasis (BSI) and St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) scores of two groups of patients were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). The BSI and SGRQ scores of the treatment group were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) and the ratio of forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) in two groups were significantly increased after treatment (P < 0.05), and the PEF and FEV1/FVC in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of C-reactive protein/albumin (CAR), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and human neutrophil defense protein 1-3 (HNP1-3) were significantly reduced in two groups of patients (P < 0.05). The serum levels of CAR, TIMP-1, and HNP1-3 in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group after treatment (P < 0.05). Conclusion The combination of Eucalyptol, Limonene and Pinene Enteric Soft Capsules and Acetylcysteine Solution for inhalation can improve the therapeutic effect of bronchiectasis, promote the improvement of disease severity, enhance quality of life and lung function, and help alleviate inflammation and fibrosis processes.

R974

河南省医学科技攻关计划项目（LHGJ20210933）