目的 探讨升血小板胶囊联合艾曲泊帕乙醇胺片治疗原发免疫性血小板减少症的临床疗效。方法 选取邯郸市第一医院在2022年3月—2024年12月收治的88例原发免疫性血小板减少症患者，所有患者按随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组，44例/组。对照组患者口服艾曲泊帕乙醇胺片，1次/d，首次剂量25 mg/d，监测血小板（PLT）数量调整剂量，最大剂量75 mg/d。治疗组在对照组基础上口服升血小板胶囊，3次/d，4粒/次。两组患者持续完成3个月的治疗。比较两组患者的治疗效果、出血评分、炎症因子、淋巴细胞、血小板。结果 治疗后，治疗组、对照组的总有效率分别为93.18%、79.55%，组间比较差异显著（P＜0.05）。两组治疗后的出血评分显著降低（P<0.05），治疗组治疗后的出血评分低于对照组（P＜0.05）。两组治疗后的肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体（TRAIL）、可溶性基质裂解素2（sST2）显著降低，白细胞介素-37（IL-37）、PLT显著升高（P＜0.05）；治疗组治疗后的TRAIL、sST2低于对照组，IL-37、PLT高于对照组（P＜0.05）。两组治疗后的Treg细胞、Treg/Th17明显升高，Th17细胞明显降低（P＜0.05）；治疗组治疗后的Treg细胞、Treg/Th17高于对照组，Th17细胞低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 升血小板胶囊联合艾曲泊帕乙醇胺片可提高原发免疫性血小板减少症的临床疗效，减轻出血程度，降低炎症反应，调节Treg/Th17平衡。

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of Shengxuexiaoban Capsules combined with Eltrombopag Olamine Tablets in treatment of primary immune thrombocytopenia. Methods A total of 88 patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia admitted to the Handan First Hospital from March 2022 to December 2024 were selected. All patients were randomly divided into control group and treatment group using a random number table method, with 44 patients in each group. The control group patients were po administered with Eltrombopag Olamine Tablets, once daily, with an initial dose of 25 mg/d. Platelet number was monitored and adjusted to a maximum dose of 75 mg/d. The treatment group took orally Shengxuexiaoban Capsules on the basis of the control group, 3 times daily, 4 capsules per time. Two groups of patients completed a continuous 3-month treatment. The treatment efficacy, bleeding score, inflammatory factors, lymphocytes, and platelets (PLT) were compared between two groups. Results After treatment, the total effective rates of the treatment group and the control group were 93.18% and 79.55%, respectively, with significant differences between the groups (P < 0.05). The bleeding scores of two groups were significantly decreased after treatment (P < 0.05), and the bleeding scores of the treatment group was lower than those of the control group after treatment (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) and soluble matrix metalloproteinase-2 (sST2) were significantly reduced in two groups, while interleukin-37 (IL-37) and PLT were significantly increased (P < 0.05). The TRAIL and sST2 levels in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group after treatment, while IL-37 and PLT levels were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of Treg cells and Treg/Th17 were significantly increased in two groups, while Th17 cells were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The Treg cells and Treg/Th17 in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group after treatment, while Th17 cells were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Shengxuexiaoban Capsules combined with Eltrombopag Olamine Tablets can improve the efficacy of primary immune thrombocytopenia, reduce the degree of bleeding, reduce the inflammatory response, and regulate the balance of Treg/Th17.

R973

邯郸市科学技术研究与发展计划项目（23422083273）