目的 探讨百蕊颗粒联合头孢噻肟钠治疗小儿支气管肺炎的临床疗效。方法 纳入2022年3月—2024年3月保定市妇幼保健院收治的92例支气管肺炎患儿，按随机数字表法将患者平均分为对照组和治疗组，每组各46例。对照组静脉滴注注射用头孢噻肟钠，1次/8 h，25 mg/kg，40～60 min内缓慢静脉滴注完。治疗组在对照组基础上口服百蕊颗粒，1/3袋/次，3次/d，与头孢噻肟钠用药间隔≥1 h。两组患儿疗程7 d。观察两组患儿临床疗效，比较治疗前后两组患儿核心症状/体征消失时间，肺炎胸片吸收评价量表（PCRAES）评分，及血小板与淋巴细胞比值（PLR）和血清降钙素原（PCT）、淀粉样蛋白A（SAA）、半乳糖凝集素-1（Gal-1）、白细胞介素-17（IL-17）。结果 治疗后，治疗组总有效率为95.65%，明显高于对照组的82.61%（P＜0.05）。治疗后，治疗组核心症状/体征（喘促、痰鸣、咳嗽、肺部啰音、发热）消失时间均明显早于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗后，两组PCRAES评分明显降低（P＜0.05），且治疗组评分显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后，两组PLR和血清PCT、SAA、Gal-1、IL-17水平均显著下降（P＜0.05），且治疗组明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 百蕊颗粒联合头孢噻肟钠治疗小儿支气管肺炎能增强抗感染及抗炎效果，促进患儿机体炎性损害减轻及肺部炎症吸收，使患儿睡眠与生活质量好转，症状加速消退。

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of Bairui Granules and cefotaxime sodium in treatment of pediatric bronchopneumonia. Methods Children (90 cases) with pediatric bronchopneumonia in Baoding Maternal and Child Health Hospital from March 2022 to March 2024 were randomly divided into control and treatment group, and each group had 46 cases. Patients in the control group were iv administered with Cefotaxime Sodium for injection, 25 mg/kg, once every 8 h, the intravenous infusion was completed slowly within 40 — 60 min. Children in the treatment group were po administered with Bairui Granules on the basis of the control group, 1/3 bag/time for less than 1 year old, three times daily, the interval between administration and cefotaxime sodium should be more than 1 h. Children in two groups were treated for 7 d. After treatment, the clinical evaluations were evaluated, and the disappearance time of core symptoms/signs, PCRAES scores, and the PLR and serum PCT, SAA, Gal-1, IL-17 levels in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the total effective rate in the treatment group was 95.65%, which was significantly higher than 82.61% in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the disappearance time of core symptoms/signs (Shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, rales in the lungs, fever) in the treatment group was significantly earlier than that in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). After treatment, the PCRAES score in two groups was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the score in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, PLR and serum PCT, SAA, Gal-1, IL-17 levels were significantly decreased in two groups (P < 0.05), and the treatment group was significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The application of Bairui Granules combined with cefotaxime sodium in treatment of pediatric bronchopneumonia can enhance the anti-infective and anti-inflammatory effects, promote the reduction of inflammatory damage and the absorption of lung inflammation, improve the sleep and quality of life of children, and accelerate the resolution of symptoms.

R974

保定市科技计划自筹经费项目（2241ZF088）