目的 观察小儿青翘颗粒联合哌拉西林钠舒巴坦钠对细菌性肺炎患儿临床疗效、临床症状改善时间、炎症因子的影响，以期为临床治疗提供参考。方法 选自皖西卫生职业学院附属医院2022年1月—2024年10月收治的82例细菌性肺炎患儿，经组间匹配原则将患儿分为对照组和治疗组，每组41例。对照组静脉滴注注射用哌拉西林钠舒巴坦钠，0.20～0.25 g/kg加入50 mL生理盐水稀释，2次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上开水冲服小儿青翘颗粒，年龄＜5岁，5.0 g/次，3次/d；5岁≤年龄≤7岁，7.5 g/次，3次/d；7岁＜年龄≤10岁，7.5 g/次，4次/d。两组患儿均连续治疗1周。观察两组临床疗效和临床症状缓解时间，比较两组细胞介素-6（IL-6）、降钙素原（PCT）、C反应蛋白（CRP）的变化情况。结果 治疗后，治疗组总有效率是97.56%，显著高于对照组的80.49%（P＜0.05）。治疗组发热、咳嗽咳痰、咽痛、鼻塞改善时间均较对照组早，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗后两组CRP、PCT、IL-6水平均较治疗前下降（P＜0.05）；且治疗后治疗组CRP、PCT、IL-6低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 针对小儿细菌性肺炎患儿的临床治疗，小儿青翘颗粒联合哌拉西林钠舒巴坦钠可显著提高治疗效果，缩短临床症状改善时间，纠正患儿体内异常炎症因子水平，建议在临床细菌性肺炎患儿的治疗中开展。

Objective To observe the effects of Xiaoer Qingqiao Granules combined with piperacillin sodium and sulbactam sodium on the clinical efficacy, improvement time of clinical symptoms and inflammatory factors in children with bacterial pneumonia, in order to provide a reference for clinical treatment. Methods A total of 82 children with bacterial pneumonia admitted to Affiliated Hospital of West Anhui Health Vocational College from January 2022 to October 2024 were selected. According to principle of matching between groups, the children were divided into control group and treatment group, with 41 cases in each group. Children in control group were iv administered with Piperacillin Sodium and Sulbactam Sodium for injection, 0.20 — 0.25 g/kg, diluted with 50 mL of normal saline, twice daily. Children in treatment group were po administered with Xiaoer Qingqiao Granules with boiling water on the basis of control group, for those under 5 years old, the dosage was 5.0 g each time, 3 times daily. For children aged 5 to 7 years old, 7.5 g each time, 3 times daily. For children aged 7 to 10 years old, 7.5 g each time, 4 times daily. Both groups of children were treated continuously for one week. The clinical efficacy and the relief time of clinical symptoms in two groups were observed, and the changes of IL-6, PCT, and CRP in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the total effective rate of treatment group was 97.56%, significantly higher than that of control group (80.49%, P < 0.05). The improvement time of fever, cough with expectoration, sore throat and nasal congestion in treatment group was earlier than that in control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of CRP, PCT, and IL-6 in both groups decreased compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05). Moreover, after the treatment, the CRP, PCT, and IL-6 in treatment group were lower than those in control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion For the clinical treatment of children with bacterial pneumonia, the combination of Xiaoer Qingqiao Granules, piperacillin sodium and sulbactam sodium can significantly improve the therapeutic effect, shorten the time for clinical symptom improvement, and correct the abnormal levels of inflammatory factors in the children’s bodies. It is recommended to carry out this treatment in clinical treatment of children with bacterial pneumonia.

R974

安徽省医学会急诊临床研究项目（ky2018008）