目的 探索脑血康滴丸体内抗血栓活性。方法 通过ip角叉菜胶溶液建立小鼠血栓模型，将小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、阿司匹林组和脑血康滴丸（273、546 mg/kg）组，测量小鼠黑尾长度，苏木素–伊红（HE）染色观测小鼠尾部、肝脏、脑部组织病理变化。ELISA测定小鼠血浆P选择素（P-selectin）、血纤维蛋白溶酶组织激活素（TPA）、抗凝血酶III（AT-III）、白细胞介素（IL）-1β、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的含量。RT-qPCR检测肝组织中核因子-κB（NF-κB）、核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白3（NLRP3）、IL-6、IL-10 mRNA表达量。结果 与模型组比较，脑血康滴丸各剂量组可显著减少小鼠体内的血栓，降低小鼠黑尾率，并显著降低小鼠血浆中P-selectin、血清中IL-1β、TNF-α水平（P＜0.001）；显著升高小鼠血浆中AT-III和TPA的水平（P＜0.001）；脑血康滴丸各剂量组还可显著降低肝脏中NF-κB、NLRP3、IL-6 mRNA表达量，提高IL-10 mRNA表达量（P＜0.05、0.01、0.001）。结论 脑血康滴丸主要是通过抗凝、抗血小板聚集、溶栓、抗炎等方面对血栓进行抑制。

Objective To Investigate the antithrombotic activity of Naoxuekang Dropping Pills in vivo. Methods The mice thrombosis model was established by intraperitoneally injecting carrageenan solution. The mice were randomly divided into the control group, model group, aspirin group, and Naoxuekang Dropping Pills (273, 546 mg/kg) groups. The tail length of the mice was measured, and HE staining was performed to observe the pathological changes in the tail, liver, and brain tissues. The contents of P-selectin, TPA, AT-III, IL-1β, and TNF-α in mice plasma were determined by ELISA. RT-qPCR was used to detect NF-κB, NLRP3, IL-6, and IL-10 mRNA in liver tissues. Results Compared with the model group, all dose groups of Naoxuekang Dropping Pills significantly reduced thrombus formation in mice, and markedly decreased black tail rate, the levels of P-selectin, IL-1β, and TNF-α in mice plasma (P < 0.001). Compared with the model group, each dose group of Naoxuekang Dropping Pills could significantly increase the levels of AT-III and TPA in the plasma of mice (P < 0.001). The expression levels of NF-κB, NLRP3, and IL-6 mRNA in the liver were reduced, and the expression level of IL-10 mRNA was increased (P < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001). Conclusion Naoxuekang Dropping Pills mainly inhibit thrombosis through anticoagulation, anti-platelet aggregation, thrombolysis and anti-inflammation.

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