目的 探讨小儿消积止咳口服液联合环酯红霉素干混悬剂治疗儿童支原体肺炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2024年3月—2026年7月在上海市嘉定区南翔医院就诊的150例支原体肺炎患儿，以随机数字表法将患儿分为对照组和治疗组，每组各75例。对照组口服环酯红霉素干混悬剂，15 mg/kg，每12小时治疗1次。治疗组患儿在对照组治疗的基础上口服小儿消积止咳口服液，3～4岁15 mL/次，5岁及以上20 mL/次，3次/d。两组持续治疗10 d。对比两组的总有效率、临床症状改善情况、肺炎支原体DNA（MP-DNA）、临床肺部感染评分（CPIS）和血清指标。结果 对照组的总有效率为86.67%，明显低于治疗组的总有效率96.00%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗组发热、气喘、咳嗽、咯痰、肺部啰音消失时间均短于对照组（P＜0.05）。两组治疗后的MP-DNA和CPIS评分均显著降低（P＜0.05），且治疗组的MP-DNA和CPIS评分低于对照组（P＜0.05）。两组治疗后的血清表面活性蛋白-A（SP-A）、人趋化因子C-C-基元配体17（CCL17）、白细胞介素-4（IL-4）水平显著降低（P＜0.05），治疗组的血清SP-A、CCL17、IL-4水平均低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 小儿消积止咳口服液联合环酯红霉素干混悬剂可提高儿童支原体肺炎的疗效，改善临床症状，减轻肺部支原体感染程度，降低炎症反应。

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of Xiao’er Xiaoji Zhike Oral Liquid combined with Erythromycin Cyclocarbonate for suspension in treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children. Methods A total of 150 children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia who received treatment at Shanghai Jiading Nanxiang Hospital from March 2024 to July 2026 were selected, and divide into control group and treatment group using a random number table method, with 75 cases in each group. The control group received oral administration of Erythromycin Cyclocarbonate for suspension at a dose of 15 mg/kg every 12 hours. The treatment group received oral administration of Xiao’er Xiaoji Zhike Oral Liquid on the basis of treatment in the control group, 3 times/day, with a dosage of 15 mL/time for 3 — 4 years old and 20 mL/time for 5 years old or older. Two groups were treated continuously for 10 days. The total effective rate, clinical symptom improvement, MP-DNA, Clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS), and serum indicators were compared between two groups. Results The total effective rate of the control group was 86.67%, significantly lower than the total effective rate of 96.00% in the treatment group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The disappearance time of fever, asthma, cough, sputum, and lung rales in the treatment group was shorter than that in the control group (P <0.05). After treatment, MP-DNA and CPIS scores of two groups were significantly reduced (P <0.05), and the MP-DNA and CPIS scores of the treatment group were lower than those of the control group (P <0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of surfactant protein-A (SP-A), human chemokine C-C-based ligand 17 (CCL17), and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in two groups were significantly reduced (P <0.05), and the serum levels of SP-A, CCL17, and IL-4 in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The combination of Xiao’er Xiaoji Zhike Oral Liquid and Erythromycin Cyclocarbonate for suspension can improve the efficacy of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children, alleviate clinical symptoms, reduce the degree of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in the lungs, and lower inflammatory reactions.

R974

上海市嘉定区自然科学研究课题（JDKW-2023-0015）