目的 研究杏贝止咳颗粒联合丙卡特罗在小儿急性支气管炎中的临床应用效果。方法 本研究纳入2023年3月—2024年9月重庆市第七人民医院收治的112例急性支气管炎患儿，所有病例皆满足纳入标准并接受了规范化的诊疗，通过随机数字表法将病例分为对照组和治疗组，每组各纳入了56例患儿。对照组采用盐酸丙卡特罗口服溶液干预，年龄≤6岁0.25 mL/kg，1日2次，6岁以上患儿5 mL/次，1日2次。治疗组在对照组干预方案基础上加用杏贝止咳颗粒，实施年龄分层给药策略，l岁≤年龄＜3岁1/3袋/次，3岁≤年龄＜6岁1/2袋/次，年龄≥6岁1袋/次，1日3次，均以温开水冲服。两组均维持7 d标准化疗程。观察两组患者的临床疗效和症状消失时间，比较两组治疗前后莱彻斯特咳嗽问卷评分、咳嗽症状积分、超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、降钙素原（PCT）和白细胞（WBC）水平的变化情况。结果 治疗后，治疗组急性支气管炎患儿的总有效率（96.43%）显著高于对照组（85.71%），组间比较差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。症状改善方面，治疗组咳嗽、咳痰消失时间均短于对照组（均P＜0.05）。两组患儿治疗后莱彻斯特咳嗽问卷评分显著升高，咳嗽症状积分则显著降低，其中治疗组的改善幅度显著优于对照组（P＜0.05）。血清学检测结果表明，两组血清hs-CRP、PCT和WBC水平均显著下降（P＜0.05），且治疗组下降程度均优于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 杏贝止咳颗粒联合丙卡特罗治疗小儿急性支气管炎具有明确临床优势，能够有效缩短核心症状持续时间并改善患儿生活质量，同时促进血清学相关指标复常，为构建儿童支气管炎中西医结合阶梯治疗方案提供了关键循证依据。

Objective To investigate the clinical application effects of Xingbei Zhike Granules combined with procaterol in children with acute bronchitis. Methods This study enrolled 112 children with acute bronchitis who were admitted to Chongqing Seventh People’s Hospital from March 2023 to September 2024. All cases met the inclusion criteria and received standardized diagnosis and treatment. Using a random number table method, the patients were divided into a treatment group and a control group, with 56 cases in each group. Children in control group received oral treatment with Procaterol Hydrochloride Oral Solution, 0.25 mL/kg for children ≤ 6 years old, twice daily, and 5 mL/time for children over 6 years old, twice daily. Children in treatment group were given oral treatment with Xingbei Zhike Granules on the basis of the control group, l year ≤ children < 3 years, 1/3 bags/time, 3 year ≤ children < 6 years, 1/2 bags/time, and 1 bag/time for children ≥ 6 years old, 3 times daily, with boiling water. Both groups were treated for 7 d. The clinical efficacy and symptom resolution time of two groups were observed, and the changes of leicester cough questionnaire score, cough symptom score, hs-CRP, PCT, and WBC levels before and after treatment were compared between two groups. Results After intervention, the clinical total effective rate of the treatment group for children with acute bronchitis (96.43%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (85.71%), and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In terms of symptom improvement, the disappearance time of cough and sputum in the treatment group was shorter than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the Leicester cough questionnaire scores of the two groups of children significantly increased, while the cough symptom scores significantly decreased. The improvement in the treatment group was significantly better than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Serological test results showed that serum hs-CRP, PCT, and WBC levels in both groups were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the reduction degree in the treatment group was better than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Xingbei Zhike Granules combined with procaterol has clear clinical advantages in the treatment of acute bronchitis in children, and can effectively shorten the duration of core symptoms and improve the life quality of children, while promoting the normalization of serological related indicators. This provides key evidence-based support for the construction of a combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine tiered treatment plan for pediatric bronchitis.

R974

重庆市科卫联合青年项目（MSX0421）