目的 探讨连花清瘟颗粒联合乙酰半胱氨酸在小儿毛细支气管炎治疗中的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2022年6月—2024年6月在海安市中医院诊治的毛细支气管炎患儿92例，根据不同的治疗方案分为对照组和治疗组，每组各46例。对照组患儿雾化吸入吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液，每次1.5 mL用无菌生理盐水稀释至5 mL，2次/d；治疗组在对照组基础上口服连花清瘟颗粒，1.5 g/次，3次/d。两组患儿均给予5 d治疗。观察两组患儿临床疗效，比较治疗前后两组患儿症状消退时间和住院时间，血清白三烯C4（LTC4）、淀粉样蛋白A（SAA）和肺表面活性物质相关蛋白D（SP-D）水平。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组患儿总有效率分别为82.61%和95.65%，两组比较差异具有统计学差异（P＜0.05）。治疗后，治疗组患儿退热、咳嗽消失、喘鸣音消失时间及住院时长均显著短于对照组（P＜0.05）。经过治疗，两组毛细支气管炎患儿血清LTC4、SAA和SP-D水平均显著下降（P＜0.05），且治疗组下降程度均高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 连花清瘟颗粒联合乙酰半胱氨酸治疗小儿毛细支气管炎疗效显著，不仅能够有效缩短患儿症状消退时间和住院时间，而且还能够促进血清学相关指标的修复。

Objective Exploring the clinical efficacy of Lianhua Qingwen Granules combined with acetylcysteine in treatment of pediatric bronchiolitis. Methods The clinical data of children (92 cases) with bronchiolitis in Hai'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from June 2022 to June 2024 were analyzed retrospectively. They were divided into control and treatment group based on different treatments, and each group had 46 cases. Children in the control group were aerosol inhalation administered with Acetylcysteine Solution for inhalation, 1.5 mL was diluted to 5 mL each time with sterile physiological saline, twice daily. Children in the treatment group were po administered with Lianhua Qingwen Granules on the basis of the control group, 1.5 g/time, three times daily. Children in two groups were treated for 5 d. After treatment, the clinical evaluations were evaluated, the symptom resolution time and hospitalization time, and serum LTC4, SAA, and SP-D levels in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the total clinical effective rates in the control group and the treatment group were 82.61% and 95.65%, respectively, with a statistical difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, The time of fever, cough, wheezing sound and hospital stay in the treatment group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the serum LTC4, SAA and SP-D levels were significantly decreased in two groups (P < 0.05), and the degree of decline in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Lianhua Qingwen Granules combined with acetylcysteine have significant curative effects in the treatment of pediatric bronchiolitis. It can not only effectively shorten the symptom resolution time and hospital stay in children, but also promote the repair of serology-related indicators.

R974

南通市中医医疗联盟课题（TZYK202016）