目的 探讨肺力咳合剂联合重组人干扰素α1b治疗儿童急性毛细支气管炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2020年3月—2023年2月华北医疗健康集团峰峰总医院、东营市东营区人民医院收治的96例急性毛细支气管炎患儿，按随机数字表法将所有患儿分为对照组和治疗组，每组各48例。对照组雾化吸入注射用重组人干扰素α1b，2 μg/kg，2次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上口服肺力咳合剂，10 mL/次，3次/d。两组疗程均为7 d。观察两组的临床疗效及主要症状体征消失时间，比较治疗前后两组潮气呼吸肺功能指标、血氧饱和度（SpO₂）、呼出气一氧化氮（FeNO）及血清细胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）、白细胞介素-17（IL-17）、干扰素γ（INF-γ）、血清淀粉样蛋白A（SAA）水平。结果 治疗后，治疗组总有效率是95.83%，较之对照组患儿的83.33%显著提高（P＜0.05）。治疗后，治疗组发热、咳嗽、痰鸣、喘促、肺部湿啰音的消失时间均显著短于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后，两组呼吸频率（RR）、吸呼比（Ti/Te）均显著降低，而潮气量（VT）均显著增加（P＜0.05）；且治疗后，治疗组RR、Ti/Te低于对照组，VT高于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后，两组SpO₂均显著升高，而FeNO水平均显著降低（P＜0.05）；治疗后，治疗组SpO₂高于对照组，FeNO水平低于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后，两组患者血清ICAM-1、IL-17、SAA水平均显著下降，而血清IFN-γ水平均显著上升（P＜0.05）；且治疗后，治疗组血清ICAM-1、IL-17、SAA水平均显著低于对照组，血清IFN-γ水平显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 肺力咳合剂联合重组人干扰素α1b治疗急性毛细支气管具有较好的临床疗效，能有效促进其主要症状体征的减轻及肺通气功能的改善，有效控制机体炎症反应，且患儿耐受性好，值得临床推广应用。

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Feilike Mixture combined with recombinant human interferon α1b in treatment of acute bronchiolitis in children. Methods A total of 96 children with acute bronchiolitis admitted to North China Medical Health Group Fengfeng General Hospital and Dongying District People’s Hospital of Dongying City from March 2020 to February 2023 were selected and divided into control group and treatment group according to random number table method, with 48 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were atomized inhaled Recombinant Human Interferon α1b for injection, 2 μg/kg, twice daily. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Feilike Mixture on the basis of the control group, 10 mL/time, 3 times daily. The treatment course of both groups was 7 d. The clinical efficacy and disappearance time of main symptoms and signs of the two groups were observed. The pulmonary function indexes, blood oxygen saturation (SpO₂), exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), interleukin-17 (IL-17), interferon gamma (INF-γ), and serum amyloid A (SAA) levels of the two groups were compared before and after treatment. Results After treatment, the total effective rate of the treatment group was 95.83%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (83.33%) (P＜0.05). After treatment, the disappearance time of fever, cough, phlegm, shortness of breath, and lung moist rales in the treatment group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (P＜ 0.05). After treatment, respiratory rate (RR) and breathing-to-breath ratio (Ti/Te) were significantly decreased, while tidal volume (VT) was significantly increased in both groups (P＜0.05). After treatment, RR and Ti/Te in treatment group were lower than those in the control group, and VT was higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment, SpO₂ was significantly increased, while FeNO level was significantly decreased in both groups (P＜0.05). After treatment, SpO2 in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group, and FeNO level was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment, serum ICAM-1, IL-17 and SAA levels were significantly decreased, while serum IFN-γ levels were significantly increased in both groups (P＜ 0.05). After treatment, the serum ICAM-1, IL-17 and SAA levels in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group, and the serum IFN-γ levels were significantly higher than those in control group (P＜ 0.05). Conclusion Feilike Mixture combined with recombinant human interferon α1b has good clinical efficacy in treatment of acute bronchiolitis in children, can effectively promote the reduction of the main symptoms and signs and the improvement of lung ventilation function, and effectively control the inflammatory response of the body with good tolerance, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

R974

邯郸市科技支撑计划项目（22422083089ZC）