目的 探讨清开灵颗粒联合苯唑西林治疗小儿细菌性急性上呼吸道感染的临床疗效。方法 选取2020年10月—2022年10月连云港市中医院收治的80例细菌性急性上呼吸道感染患儿，随机数字法将患者分对照组（40例）和治疗组（40例）。对照组患儿静脉注射注射用苯唑西林钠，按体质量50 mg/kg，2次/d。治疗组在对照组的基础上口服清开灵颗粒，1袋/次，3次/d。两组连续治疗5 d。观察两组患儿临床疗效，比较治疗前后两组患儿症状缓解时间，血常规指标白细胞计数（WBC）和中性粒细胞计数（N）及血清因子白细胞介素-8（IL-8）、降钙素原（PCT）和C反应蛋白（CRP）水平。结果 治疗后，治疗组总有效率为97.50%，明显高于对照组（77.51%，P＜0.05）。治疗后，治疗组症状缓解时间均明显短于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后，两组患儿WBC和N及IL-8、PCT和CRP水平比治疗前明显降低（P＜0.05），且治疗组明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 清开灵颗粒联合苯唑西林治疗小儿细菌性急性上呼吸道感染具有良好的临床疗效，能显著缓解临床症状，减轻炎症反应。

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Qingkailing Granules combined with oxacillin in treatment of bacterial acute upper respiratory tract infection. Methods A total of 80 children with acute bacterial upper respiratory tract infection admitted to Lianyungang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2020 to October 2022 were selected and divided into control group (40 cases) and treatment group (40 cases) by random number method. Children in the control group were iv administered with Oxacillin Sodium for injection, 50 mg/kg, twice daily. Children in the treatment group were po administered with Qingkailing Granules on the basis of the control group, 1 bag/time, three times daily. Children in two groups were treated for 5 d. After treatment, the clinical evaluation was evaluated, and the symptom relief times, the levels of WBC, N, IL-8, PCT and CRP in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical effective rate of the treatment group was 97.50%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (77.51%, P < 0.05). After treatment, the time of symptom relief in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of WBC, N, IL-8, PCT and CRP in two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.05), and which in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Qingkailing Granules combined with oxacillin in treatment of bacterial acute upper respiratory tract infection has a good clinical effect, which can significantly relieve clinical symptoms and reduce inflammatory reaction.

R974；R985

江苏省中医药科技发展计划项目（YB2020072）