目的 探讨小儿肺咳颗粒联合头孢西丁钠治疗小儿支气管肺炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2020年11月-2022年11月上海健康医学院附属崇明医院儿科收治的136例支气管肺炎患儿，按照随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组，每组各68例。对照组患者静脉滴注注射用头孢西丁钠，1 g加于0.9%氯化钠注射液100 mL，1次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上口服小儿肺咳颗粒，3 g/次，3次/d。两组用药7 d。观察两组的临床疗效和临床症状好转时间，比较两组患儿白细胞（WBC）、中性粒细胞（NEUT）、白细胞介素-8（IL-8）、血清样淀粉蛋白A （SAA）、血清降钙素原（PCT）、C反应蛋白（CRP）水平。结果 治疗后，治疗组总有效率97.06%，显著高于对照组的85.29%（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组发烧、咳嗽、气喘、肺部啰音等症状好转时间均显著短于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组WBC、NEUT水平均显著低于治疗前（P<0.05）；治疗后，治疗组WBC、NEUT水平低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组IL-8、PCT、SAA、CRP水平均较治疗前显著降低（P<0.05）；治疗后，治疗组IL-8、PCT、SAA、CRP水平显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 小儿肺咳颗粒联合头孢西丁钠治疗小儿支气管肺炎效果确切，能有效降低肺炎相关症状，增强患儿的免疫能力，降低机体炎性反应，值得临床借鉴应用。

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Xiaoer Feike Granules combined with cefoxitin sodium in treatment of bronchopneumonia in children. Methods A total of 136 children with bronchial pneumonia admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Chongming Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Health College from November 2020 to November 2022 were selected and divided into control group and treatment group according to random number table method, with 68 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were iv administered with Cefoxitin Sodium for injection, 1 g was added to 0.9% sodium chloride injection 100 mL, once daily. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Xiaoer Feike Granules on the basis of the control group, 3 g/time, three times daily. Patients in two groups were treated for 7 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacy and improvement time of clinical symptoms in two groups were evaluated, and the levels of leukocytes (WBC), neutrophils (NEUT), interleukin-8 (IL-8), serum amyloid A (SAA), serum procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were compared between two groups. Results After treatment, the total effective rate of the treatment group was 97.06%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (85.29%, P < 0.05). After treatment, the improvement time of fever, cough, asthma, pulmonary rales and other symptoms in the treatment group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, WBC and NEUT levels in two groups were significantly lower than before treatment (P < 0.05). After treatment, WBC and NEUT levels in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of IL-8, PCT, SAA and CRP in both groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of IL-8, PCT, SAA and CRP in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Xiaoer Feike Granules combined with cefoxitin sodium has exact effect in treatment of bronchopneumonia in children, and can effectively reduce the related symptoms of pneumonia, enhance the immune ability of children, and reduce the inflammatory response of the body, which is worthy of clinical application.

R974

上海市崇明区可持续发展科技创新计划项目（CKY2020-09）