目的 探讨清镇市第一人民医院妊娠期妇女尿路感染病原菌的构成特点及耐药性，为临床治疗提供参考。方法 收集2020年1月—2022年12月清镇市第一人民医院疑为尿路感染妊娠期妇女清洁中段尿标本，使用法国梅里埃VITEK-2 Compact或VITEK MS质谱仪进行病原菌鉴定和抗生素最低抑菌浓度（MIC）检测，根据美国临床试验室标准化研究所（CLSI）的标准判断药敏结果，采用WHONET 5.6和SPSS 20.0软件进行数据统计。结果 共检出384株病原菌，其中革兰阴性菌占84.9%（326株）；革兰阳性菌占13.3%（51株），念珠菌占1.8%（7株），病原菌以大肠埃希菌（297株，占77.3%）和无乳链球菌（30株，占7.8%）最为常见。大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、复方磺胺甲唑、头孢唑啉、环丙沙星和左氧氟沙星的耐药率高于70.0%，对呋喃妥因、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、阿米卡星和头孢替坦的耐药率低于10.0%，多重耐药菌株占42.1%；无乳链球菌对四环素和克林霉素的耐药率高于65.0%，对青霉素、氨苄西林、喹努普汀/达福普汀、替加环素、利奈唑胺和万古霉素的耐药率为0。结论 妊娠期妇女尿路感染病原菌主要是革兰阴性杆菌，病原菌的构成与其他人群截然不同，及时分析妊娠期妇女尿路感染病原菌的构成特点及耐药性，对于临床合理使用抗生素具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the constituent characteristics and drug resistance of pathogens causing urinary tract infection in pregnant women in the First People's Hospital of Qingzhen, and to provide reference for clinical treatment. Methods To collect urine samples from pregnant women suspected to have urinary tract infection from January 2020 to December 2022 in the First People's Hospital of Qingzhen. The pathogens were identified and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics was detected by VITEK-2 Compact or VITEK MS mass spectrometer in Meria, France. The drug sensitivity results were judged according to the standards of CLSI in the United States, and the data were statistically analyzed by using WHONET 5.6 and SPSS 20.0 software. Results A total of 384 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected, of which Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 84.9% (326 strains), Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 13.3% (51 strains), candida accounted for 1.8% (7 strains), and Escherichia coli (297 strains, accounting for 77.3%) and Streptococcus agalactiae (30 strains, accounting for 7.8%) were the most common pathogens. The resistance rate of Escherichia coli to ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, compound sulfamethoxazole, cefazolin, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin was higher than 70.0%, while the resistance rate to nitrofurantoin, piperacillin/tazobactam, amikacin, and cefotetan were lower than 10.0%, and the multi-resistant strains accounted for 42.1%. The resistance rate of Streptococcus agalactiae to tetracycline and clindamycin was higher than 65.0%, and the resistance rate to penicillin, ampicillin, quinuputine/daffoptine, tigecycline, linezolid and vancomycin was 0.0%. Conclusion Gram-negative bacilli are the main pathogens of urinary tract infection in pregnant women, and the composition of pathogens is completely different from other populations. It is of great significance to analyze the composition characteristics and drug resistance of pathogens of urinary tract infection in pregnant women in time for rational use of antibiotics in clinic.

R978.1;R984