胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）是小肠消化食物时L细胞分泌的一种促胰岛素激素，可以促进胰岛素分泌，从而维持葡萄糖稳态，其受体广泛分布于胰岛、心脏、肺、皮肤等器官中。利拉鲁肽是一种长效的GLP-1类似物，目前被广泛用于治疗2型糖尿病。近年来研究发现，利拉鲁肽在肥胖症、神经系统疾病、心血管系统疾病中均发挥有益作用。对利拉鲁肽治疗糖尿病、肥胖症、神经系统疾病、心血管系统疾病和精神疾病等的临床研究及其作用机制进行综述，旨在为拓展和开发利拉鲁肽类药物的临床应用提供新思路。

Glucagon-like peptide-1 is an insulin-stimulating hormone secreted by L cells while the small intestine digests food. It can promote insulin secretion to maintain glucose homeostasis. The receptors are widely distributed in organs, such as pancreatic islets, heart, lungs, and skin. As a long-acting GLP-1 analogue, liraglutide has recently become the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recently, studies have found that liraglutide plays a beneficial role in obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and so on. This review article summarizes its application and mechanism of liraglutide, and aims to provide novel ideas for the expansion and development of the clinical application of liraglutide.

R977

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81573431，81971326，82070236）