目的 分析山东省各医疗机构2016—2021年奥氮平不良反应（ADR）发生的特点及相关影响因素，结合最新文献分析，综合评价奥氮平的用药情况。方法 回顾性分析2016—2021年山东省各医疗机构上报的272例奥氮平的ADR，对ADR类别、患者性别、年龄、日剂量、发生时间、用药目的、累及器官或系统及其主要临床表现等进行分析，同时对部分严重ADR进行讨论。结果 272例ADR的患者中，男性140例（占51.47%），女性132例（占48.53%），男女无明显差异；19~40岁患者药品不良反应发生率最高，有114例（41.91%）。日剂量10 mg/d最多，128例，占47.06%。以治疗精神分裂症和双相情感障碍为主要用药目的，以神经系统损害比例最高，达到37.72%，消化系统损害也较多见，占比为21.45%。单一用药较少，26例（9.56%），以合并其他神经系统药物治疗者为主，246例（90.44%）。结论 奥氮平用药情况复杂，应加强临床用药的管理和监测，合理使用精神科药物，保障患者的用药安全。

Objective The characteristics and related influencing factors of olanzapine adverse reactions in medical institutions in Shandong Province from 2016 to 2021 were analyzed, and the use of olanzapine was comprehensively evaluated based on the analysis of the latest literature.Methods A retrospective analysis of 272 cases of olanzapine adverse reactions reported by various medical institutions in Shandong province from 2016 to 2021 was conducted to analyze the ADR categories, patients' gender, age, daily dose and occurrence time, drugs purpose, organs or systems involved and main clinical manifestations, and to discuss some serious adverse reactions.Results Among 272 patients with adverse reactions, 140 cases (51.47%) were male, and 132 cases (48.53%) were female. There was no significant difference between male and female. The incidence of adverse reactions was the highest in 19 — 40 years old patients, 114 cases (41.91%). The daily dose of 10 mg/d was the highest in 128 cases (47.06%). The main purpose of medication was to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The damage rate of nervous system was the highest (37.72%), followed by that of digestive system (21.45%). Monotherapy was rare in 26 cases (9.56%), and combined with other antipsychotics was dominant in 246 cases (90.44%).Conclusion The situation of olanzapine medication is complicated, and it is necessary to strengthen the management and monitoring of clinical medication, rational use of psychiatric drugs, and ensure the safety of medication.

R971

山东省第一批药品临床综合评价项目（2021YZ026）