中性粒细胞胞外陷阱是由中性粒细胞释放到外周而发挥作用的一种复合物。人们在脑梗死患者的血栓中发现了中性粒细胞细胞外陷阱，并发现中性粒细胞细胞外陷阱与动脉粥样硬化、血栓形成密切相关。中性粒细胞细胞外陷阱可以降低动脉粥样硬化斑块的稳定性，促进血栓的形成，影响梗死后新生血管的生成，中性粒细胞细胞外陷阱还与溶栓后的出血相关，不同类型脑梗死中中性粒细胞细胞外陷阱的分布也存在差异，并且在中性粒细胞细胞外陷阱中发现了炎性小体相关成分，这些都表明中性粒细胞细胞外陷阱在脑梗死发病机制中发挥着重要作用。因此就中性粒细胞细胞外陷阱在脑梗死发病机制中的作用进行综述，主要总结了中性粒细胞细胞外陷阱在动脉粥样硬化、血栓形成、脑梗死后溶栓中的作用以及对脑梗死后新生血管、不同类型脑梗死以及通过炎性小体对脑梗死的影响。

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are complexes that are released by neutrophils into the periphery to function. NETs have been identified in thrombi from patients with cerebral infarction and have been found to be closely associated with atherosclerosis, thrombosis. NETs can reduce the stability of atherosclerotic plaques, promote thrombus formation, and affect post- infarction neovascularization. NETs have also been associated with bleeding after thrombolysis. The distribution of NETs varies in different types of cerebral infarction, and inflammatory vesicle-associated components were found. All these suggest that NETs play an important role in the pathogenesis of cerebral infarction. This article reviews the role of NETs in the pathogenesis of cerebral infarction. This paper mainly summarizes the role of neutrophil extracellular traps in atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and thrombolysis after cerebral infarction, as well as the effect on neovascularization after cerebral infarction, the effect on different types of cerebral infarction, different types of cerebral infarction, and the effect on cerebral infarction through inflammasome.

R971

天津市科技计划项目（19ZXDBSY00100）；天津市第三中心医院、天津市重症疾病体外生命支持重点实验室国家自然科学基金孵育项目（2019YNR5）