目的 观察小儿肺热咳喘颗粒治疗儿童支原体肺炎的疗效和安全性。方法 将2017年3月-2018年4月丹东市中心医院收治的240例儿童支原体肺炎患儿随机分为对照组和试验组，每组各120例。对照组口服小儿肺热咳喘颗粒模拟剂，开水冲服，1~2岁1袋/次，3次/d；3~5岁1袋/次，4次/d。试验组给予小儿肺热咳喘颗粒，用法用量同对照组。两组疗程均为14 d。比较两组患儿的临床痊愈天数、完全退热时间、咳嗽、咯痰缓解时间、中医证候疗效。结果 用药后，试验组临床痊愈中位时间为4.00 d，对照组为7.00 d；试验组完全退热中位时间为3.00 d，对照组为4.00 d；试验组咳嗽缓解中位时间为6.00 d，对照组为7.00 d；试验组咯痰缓解中位时间为4.00 d，对照组为5.00 d，试验组明显短于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，试验组患者中医证候有效率为92.24%，对照组为82.20%，两组比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组不良事件发生率比较，差异无统计学意义。结论 小儿肺热咳喘颗粒治疗儿童支原体肺炎在缩短病程、改善患儿症状方面疗效确切，且用药安全性较好，无不良反应发生，值得在儿科推广。

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of Xiaoer Feire Kechuan Granules in treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children. Methods A total of 240 children with mycoplasma pneumonia admitted to Dandong Central Hospital from March 2017 to April 2018 were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, with 120 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were po administered with Xiaoer Feire Kechuan Granules simulant for children, 1 bag/time for 1-2 years old, 3 times daily; 3-5 years old 1 bag/time, 4 times daily. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Xiaoer Feire Kechuan Granules, and the usage and dosage of Xiaoer Feire Kechuan Granules in experimental group were the same as those in control group. The treatment course for both groups was 14 d. Clinical recovery days, complete fever reduction time, cough and phlegm relief time, and TCM syndrome efficacy were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the median clinical recovery time was 4.00 d in the experimental group and 7.00 d in the control group. The median time of complete fever reduction was 3.00 d in the experimental group and 4.00 d in the control group. The median time of remission was 6.00 d in the experimental group and 7.00 d in the control group. The median time of sputum remission was 4.00 d in the experimental group and 5.00 d in the control group, which was significantly shorter than that in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the effective rate of TCM syndrome was 92.24% in the experimental group and 82.20% in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups. Conclusion Xiaoer Feire Kechuan Granules has a definite effect on shortening the course of the disease and improving the symptoms of children with mycoplasma pneumonia, with good drug safety and no adverse reactions, which is worth promoting in pediatrics.

R974