目的 探讨柴黄颗粒联合磷酸奥司他韦颗粒治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染的临床疗效。方法 以2018年7月-2020年7月在中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九八八医院进行治疗的154例急性上呼吸道感染患儿为研究对象。根据就诊顺序分为对照组（77例）和治疗组（77例）。对照组口服磷酸奥司他韦颗粒，体质量≤ 15 kg，30 mg/次，2次/d，体质量>15~23 kg，45 mg/次，2次/d，体质量>23~40 kg，60 mg/次，2次/d，体质量>40 kg，75 mg/次，2次/d；治疗组在对照组基础上口服柴黄颗粒，3 g/次，2次/d。两组均连续治疗5 d。观察两组的临床疗效，比较两组临床症状消失时间和血清学因子的变化情况。结果 经治疗，对照组总有效率是84.42%，显著低于治疗组（98.70%，P<0.05）。经治疗，治疗组患儿在咳嗽、发热、咽痛、鼻塞流涕消失时间上均显著短于对照组（P<0.05）。经治疗，两组血清超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、嗜酸性细胞阳离子蛋白（EOS）、白细胞介素-17（IL-17）、白细胞计数（WBC）、中性粒细胞百分比（NEU）、降钙素原（PCT）水平均显著下降（P<0.05）；且治疗组血清学指标显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 柴黄颗粒联合磷酸奥司他韦颗粒治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染具有较好的临床疗效，可有效改善患儿临床症状，降低机体炎症反应，有着良好的临床应用价值。

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Chaihuang Granules combined with oseltamivir in treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection in children. Methods A total of 154 children with acute upper respiratory tract infection who were treated in the 988th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army from July 2018 to July 2020 were selected as the study subjects. The children were divided into the control group (77 cases) and the treatment group (77 cases) according to the order of visit. The children in the control group were po administered with Oseltamivir Phosphate Granules, body weight ≤ 15 kg, 30 mg/time, twice daily, body weight >15-23 kg, 45 mg/time, twice daily, body weight >23-40 kg, 60 mg/time, twice daily, body weight >40 kg, 75 mg/time, twice daily. The children in the treatment group were po administered with Chaihuang Granules on the basis of the control group, 3 g/time, twice daily. Both groups were treated consecutively for 5 d. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was observed, and the disappearance time of clinical symptoms and changes of serological factors were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the total effective rate in the control group was 84.42%, significantly lower than that in the treatment group (98.70%, P<0.05). After treatment, the disappearance time of cough, fever, pharyngeal pain and nasal congestion and runny nose in the treatment group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, serum hs-CRP, EOS, IL-17, WBC, NEU, and PCT decreased significantly in both groups (P<0.05). The serological indexes of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Chaihuang Granules combined with oseltamivir has good clinical efficacy in treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection in children, and can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of children, also can reduce the body inflammatory response, which has good clinical application value.

R974

河南省医学科技攻关项目（2018020607）