钙调磷酸酶抑制剂（CNI）是实体器官移植和造血干细胞移植术后的主要免疫抑制药物。尽管CNI极大的改善了移植患者预后，但该类药物引起的不良反应也经常发生。CNI所致的疼痛综合征（CIPS）是一种罕见的、严重的不良反应，其发生与钙调磷酸酶生理功能的中断有关。患者常表现为双下肢疼痛，严重影响患者运动能力和生活质量，因此，主要对CIPS的流行病学、临床表现、实验室检查、影像学表现、诊断、发病机制及治疗选择进行综述，以期为临床提供参考。

Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) are the mainstay immunosuppressive drugs for solid organ transplantation and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Although CNI excellently improve patient outcomes, adverse effects are frequently encountered. Calcineurin inhibitor-induced pain syndrome (CIPS) is a rare and severe adverse effect of CNI, which appears to be due to the interruption of the physiologic function of calcineurin. Patients with CIPS diagnosis involve pain in the lower extremities. CIPS seriously affects the activities of daily living and life quality of the patients. Therefore, the epidemiology, clinical manifestation, laboratory examination, imaging manifestations, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment choices are reviewed in this paper, in order to provide references for clinical practice.

R977

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81503127）