目的 对2017-2019年南阳市第一人民医院感染病原菌的分布及耐药性进行分析。方法 采用回顾性分析方法对2017-2019年南阳市第一人民医院感染病原菌的分布及耐药性进行分析。结果 2017-2019年298例患者医院感染共有319份样本，其中以痰液居多，构成比为44.83%，2017-2019年构成比分别为46.15%、46.23%、42.20%。其次为尿液，构成比为32.92%。共检测出348株病原菌，以革兰阴性菌为主，共242株，构成比为69.54%，主要为铜绿假单胞菌和大肠埃希菌；革兰阳性菌共102株，构成比为32.18%，主要为金黄色葡萄球菌，共65株，构成比为18.68%。铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林、环丙沙星、美罗培南和青霉素的耐药性较高，耐药率均在72.73%~92.68%。金黄色葡萄球菌对阿米卡星、庆大霉素、美罗培南和呋喃妥因的耐药性较高，耐药率均在75.00%以上，特别是对美罗培南的耐药率，2017年为100.00%。结论 2017-2019年南阳市第一人民医院感染患者的病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主，主要病原菌对氨苄西林、环丙沙星、美罗培南抗生素的耐药性均较高。

Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in Nanyang First People's Hospital from 2017 to 2019. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in Nanyang First People's Hospital from 2017 to 2019. Results A total of 298 patients with hospital infections from 2017 to 2019 had a total of 319 samples, of which the majority were sputum samples with the constituent ratio of 44.83%. And the constituent ratio of sputum samples from 2017 to 2019 were 46.15%, 46.23%, and 42.20%, respectively. A total of 348 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected, Gram-negative bacteria were 242 strains (69.54%), and main of them were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Gram-positive bacteria were 102 strains (32.18%), and main of them were Staphylococcus aureus (65 strains) with the constituent ratio of 18.68%. P. aeruginosa and E. coli had high drug resistance against ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, meropenem, and penicillin, and the drug resistance rate were 72.73%-92.68%. S. aureus had high drug resistance against amikacin, gentamycin, meropenem, and nitrofurantoin, and the drug resistance rate were above 75.00%. Especially the drug resistance rate against meropenem was 100.00% in 2017. Conclusion From 2017 to 2019, the pathogenic bacteria in Nanyang First People's Hospital from 2017 to 2019 are mainly Gram-negative bacteria, and the main pathogenic bacteria are highly resistant to antibacterial drugs such as ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, and meropenem.

R978.1

河南省卫计委科研项目（201602389）