目的 探讨芦丁通过抗氧化抗凋亡对蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）大鼠早期脑损伤的保护作用。方法 颈内动脉穿刺法构建SAH模型。SD雄性大鼠分为假手术组、模型组和芦丁50 mg/kg组，24 h后对SAH评分、神经功能评分、脑含水量和伊文思蓝渗出率进行考察。并利用ELISA法检测氧化应激指标丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）的活性；并采用免疫荧光检测调亡相关蛋白p53、Bax、caspase-3和Bcl-2的表达情况。结果 与模型组比较，芦丁50 mg/kg组SAH评分明显降低（P<0.05），神经功能评分明显提高（P<0.01）。与模型组比较，芦丁50 mg/kg组大鼠左脑、右脑和小脑的脑水含量和伊文思蓝渗出率明显降低（P<0.05），提示芦丁能够减轻SAH大鼠血脑屏障的损伤。与模型组比较，芦丁50 mg/kg组大鼠MDA水平显著降低（P<0.05），SOD、CAT和GSH-Px水平显著升高（P<0.05、0.01），提示芦丁具有改善SAH大鼠氧化应激的作用。芦丁50 mg/kg给药后p53、Bax和caspase-3表达量减少，Bcl-2表达增加。结论 芦丁能够通过抗氧化抗凋亡减轻SAH大鼠的早期脑损伤。

Objective To investigate the protective effect of rutin on early brain injury in mice with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) by anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis. Methods SAH model was established by internal carotid artery puncture. SD male mice were divided into Sham group, model group, and rutin 50 mg/kg group. After 24 h, SAH score, neurological function score, cerebral edema, and Evans blue exudation were investigated. The activities of oxidative stress indexes MDA, SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px were detected by ELISA method. The expression of apoptosis related proteins p53, Bax, caspase-3, and Bcl-2 were detected by immunofluorescence. Results Compared with the model group, SAH score in rutin 50 mg/kg group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), but neurological function score was significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, cerebral edema and Evans blue exudation of left brain, right brain, and cerebellum in rutin 50 mg/kg group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), indicating that rutin could decrease the damage to the blood-brain barrier of mice with SAH. Compared with the model group, MDA level in rutin 50 mg/kg group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), but SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px levels were significantly increased (P<0.05, 0.01), indicating that rutin could improve the effect of oxidative stress in mice with SAH. Rutin 50 mg/kg could decrease the expression of p53, Bax, and caspase-3, and increase the expression of Bcl-2. Conclusion Rutin can alleviate early brain injury in mice with SAH by anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis.

R966;R285.5

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81671174）