何首乌几个世纪以来一直被用作补益良药，在《中国药典》中有两种药物形式，即生首乌和制首乌。但是，在体内外甚至临床使用中，两种药物形式都可能导致药物诱导的肝损伤。何首乌相关的肝毒性正成为一个安全问题，引起了学者的关注。何首乌引起的肝毒性具体表现在免疫应激反应、氧化应激与线粒体功能紊乱和影响代谢酶的功能和表达。对何首乌肝毒性的作用机制进行了总结和归纳，为临床应用及研究提供理论依据。

Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. has been a tonic medicine for over a thousand years. There are two drug forms, Polygoni Multiflori Radix and Polygoni Multiflori Radix Prapaerata in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. But both drug forms could lead to drug-induced liver injury and even death in vitro, in vivo and in clinical settings. Hepatotoxicity associated with Ploygoni Multiflori Radix is becoming a safety issue, which has attracted the attention of scholars. Hepatotoxicity of Ploygoni Multiflori Radix in this includes immune stress response, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and affecting the function and expression of metabolic enzymes and so on. The mechanism of hepatotoxicity of Ploygoni Multiflori Radix is reviewed in this paper, in order to provide theoretical basis for clinical application and research.

R961

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81803726）