目的 分析2016-2018年南京市儿童医院小儿Ⅰ类切口手术围手术期抗生素的使用情况，为规范临床合理使用提供参考。方法 回顾性分析2016-2018年南京市儿童医院小儿Ⅰ类切口手术病例，对比分析Ⅰ类手术抗生素的适应症、品种选择、首剂时机、应用时间和应用合理率。结果 2016-2018年抗生素的使用率分别为28.07%、28.19%、28.49%，抗生素使用率总体平稳。抗生素选用种类均为7种，主要为头孢唑林和头孢呋辛，构成比分别为35.69%、31.43%。2016-2018年Ⅰ类切口手术患者使用抗生素在术前30 min~2 h分别为525例（94.94%）、675例（95.88%）、636例（95.64%）。用药时间主要为<48 h，≤ 24 h的例数为827例，构成比为43.03%，24~48 h的的例数为1 051例，构成比为54.68%。2016-2018年抗生素应用合理率依次为98.19%、98.01%、98.35%。结论 2016-2018年南京市儿童医院小儿Ⅰ类切口手术围手术期抗生素使用种类无显著差异，在抗生素选择、应用时间、首剂时机等方面执行较好。

Objective To analyze the application of antibacterial drugs in perioperative period of children's type I incision operation in Nanjing Children's Hospital from 2016 to 2018, and provide a reference for clinical rational drug use. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the cases of children's type I incision operation Nanjing Children's Hospital from 2016 to 2018, the indicators, variety choice, first dose of timing, application time, and reasonable use rate were compared and analyzed. Results From 2016 to 2018, the utilization rates of antibiotics were 28.07%, 28.19%, and 28.49%, respectively. The overall utilization rate of antibiotics was stable. There were 7 kinds of antibiotics, mainly cefazolin and cefuroxime, with the constituent ratio of 35.69% and 31.43%. From 2016 to 2018, there were 525 cases (94.94%), 675 cases (95.88%), and 636 cases (95.64%) 30 min-2 h before children's type I incision operation. The application time was mainly less than 48 h with 827 cases (43.03%) ≤ 24 h and 1 051 cases (43.03%) 24-48 h. From 2016 to 2018, the rational rates of antibiotic use were 98.19%, 98.01%, and 98.35%, respectively. Conclusion There was no significant difference in the types of antibiotics in perioperative period of children's type I incision operation in Nanjing Children's Hospital from 2016 to 2018. The selection of antibiotics, the duration of application, and the timing of the first dose of antibiotics were performed well.

R978.1