目的 观察大黄虫丸对肝纤维化模型大鼠肝组织病理学及其细胞凋亡的影响，探讨其抗肝纤维化的作用机制。方法 将30只SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组和大黄虫丸组，后两组行CCl₄诱导肝纤维化造模，8周后大黄虫丸组大鼠ig大黄虫丸0.45 g/kg，另两组给予等量生理盐水，同时称体质量。连续ig 4周后，断头处死各组大鼠，摘取肝脏，观察色泽、质地并称重，计算肝脏指数（LI）；采用HE染色、Masson染色法光镜下观察各组肝组织病理改变，采用纤维化半定量计分系统结合测量胶原纤维面积密度，评估肝纤维化程度；采用TUNEL法检测肝脏细胞凋亡，计算凋亡指数（AI）。结果 大黄虫丸组大鼠肝的色泽和质地介于对照组和模型组之间。与模型组比较，大黄组虫丸组大鼠的LI、炎症活动度半定量、纤维化半定量评分、胶原纤维面积密度和细胞凋亡指数（AI）明显下降，两组比较差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。HE染色显示大黄虫丸组大鼠的肝小叶结构破坏较轻，肝索排列紊乱、肝细胞变性得到改善，汇管区增生不明显。Masson染色显示大黄虫丸组大鼠肝小叶结构紊乱有所改善，汇管区胶原纤维沉积和小叶内纤维间隔明显减少。FITC荧光标记染色显示大黄虫丸组肝小叶结构较清晰，可见少量凋亡细胞。结论 大黄虫丸可以降低大鼠的LI、炎症活动度半定量、纤维化半定量评分和胶原纤维面积密度，可能通过抑制肝细胞凋亡来改善大鼠肝纤维化程度。

Objective To observe the effect of Dahuang Zhechong Pills on hepatic histopathology and apoptosis in rats with experimental hepatic fibrosis for exploring the mechanism of Dahuang Zhechong Pill on anti-hepatic fibrosis. Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, and Dahuang Zhechong Pill group. And the ones of latter two groups were used to establish the CCl₄-induced liver fibrosis model. After 8 weeks, the rats in Dahuang Zhechong Pills group were ig Dahuang Zhechong Pills 0.45 g/kg, while the ones of other two groups only given normal saline. After 4 weeks, the rats in each group were sacrificed by breaking head, their livers were taken out to observe the color and texture, and weighed for calculating the liver index (LI). HE and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes of liver tissues in each group under light microscope. A semi quantitative scoring system of fibrosis combined with the measurement of the area density of collagen fiber was used to evaluate the degree of hepatic fibrosis. TUNEL method was used to detect the apoptosis of liver cells by the apoptosis index (AI). Results The color and texture of the liver in Dahuang Zhechong Pills group were between those in the control and model groups. Compared with the model group, LI, inflammatory activities, the semi-quantitative scores of fibrosis, the area density values of collagen fiber, and AI of hepatic tissues of rats in Dahuang Zhechong Pill group were significantly decreased (P < 0.01). HE staining showed that the hepatic lobules of rats were less damaged, liver cords were disorganized, hepatocyte degeneration was improved, and the hyperplasia in the manifold area was not obvious in Dahuang Zhechong Pill group. Masson staining showed the structural disorder of hepatic lobule in rats was improved, and collagen deposition and interlobular interlobular septum were decreased obviously in Dahuang Zhechong Pill group. FITC fluorescent staining showed that the liver lobule structure of rhubarb pills group was clear, and a small number of apoptotic cells could be seen. Conclusion Dahuang Zhechong Pills can decrease LI, inflammatory activities, the semi-quantitative scores of fibrosis, and the area density values of collagen fiber, and maybe improve the liver fibrosis in rats by inhibiting the hepatocyte apoptosis.

R285.5

云南省自然科学基金高校联合项目（2017FH001-076）；国家级大学生创新训练项目（201810679008、201810679009）