目的 探讨奥拉西坦胶囊和脑肽胶囊治疗血管性痴呆的疗效对比。方法 选取2017年5月—2018年5月在河南省人民医院省直第一医院治疗血管性痴呆患者86例，根据入院的先后分为对照组（43例）和治疗组（43例）。对照组口服脑肽胶囊，3粒/次，2次/d；治疗组口服奥拉西坦胶囊，2粒/次，3次/d。两组患者均治疗4周。观察两组患者临床疗效，同时比较治疗前后两组患者MMSE评分、MoCA评分、BDAE评分、ADL评分以及血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngⅡ）、脂蛋白磷脂酶A2（Lp-PLA2）和胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）水平。结果 治疗后，对照组临床有效率为81.40%，显著低于治疗组的97.67%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组MMSE评分、MoCA评分、BDAE评分、ADL评分均显著升高（P<0.05），且治疗组上述评分明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患者血清Hcy、IL-1β、AngⅡ、Lp-PLA2、IGF-1水平均显著降低（P<0.05），且治疗组上述血清学指标明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 奥拉西坦胶囊治疗血管性痴呆可有效改善认知功能，有利于语言功能和行为功能改善，提高日常生活能力，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To compare the efficacy of Oxiracetam Capsules and Naonatai Capsules in treatment of vascular dementia. Methods Patients (86 cases) with vascular dementia in the First Hospital of Henan Provincial People's Hospital from May 2017 to May 2018 were divided into control (43 cases) and treatment (43 cases) groups according to the admission sequence. Patients in the control group were po administered with Naonatai Capsules, 3 grains/time, twice daily. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Oxiracetam Capsules, 2 grains/time, three times daily. Patients in two groups were treated for 4 weeks. After treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated, and the MMSE, MoCA, BDAE and ADL scores, and the serum levels of Hcy, IL-1β, AngⅡ, Lp-PLA2, and IGF-1 in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacy in the control group was 81.40%, which was significantly lower than 97.67% in the treatment group, and there were differences between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the MMSE, MoCA, BDAE, and ADL scores in two groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and these scores in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of Hcy, IL-1β, AngⅡ, Lp-PLA2, and IGF-1 in two groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and these serological indexes levels in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Oxiracetam Capsules can effectively improve cognitive, language and behavior function, improve daily living ability, which has a certain clinical application value.