目的 研究三七茎叶皂苷对异丙肾上腺素诱导的大鼠心肌缺血的保护作用，并探讨其作用机制。方法 将60只健康SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、地奥心血康70 mg/kg组和三七茎叶皂苷20、40、80 mg/kg组，每组各10只。地奥心血康组和三七茎叶皂苷组大鼠每日ig给药1次，连续给药14 d。对照组和模型组在前11 d ig给予同等体积蒸馏水。模型组、地奥心血康组和三七茎叶皂苷组连续3 d sc盐酸异丙肾上腺素注射液（第1天，8 mg/kg；第2天，8 mg/kg；第3天，2 mg/kg）建立急性心肌缺血模型，对照组sc同体积生理盐水。检测大鼠血清和心肌组织中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、肌酸激酶（CK）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性检测和丙二醛（MDA）含量，观察大鼠急性心肌损伤组织的病理学变化。结果 与模型组比较，三七茎叶皂苷40、80 mg/kg组大鼠血清中LDH、CK、AST活性显著降低，心肌组织中LDH、AST活性显著增高（P<0.05、0.01、0.001）。与模型组比较，三七茎叶皂苷80 mg/kg组大鼠血清中SOD活性显著增加，而40、80 mg/kg组MDA含量均显著降低（P<0.05）；三七茎叶皂苷20、40、80 mg/kg组心肌组织中SOD活性显著增加（P<0.05、0.01、0.001），MDA含量显著降低（P<0.05）。三七茎叶皂苷80 mg/kg组可见轻度心肌纤维变性坏死灶，心肌纤维间可见少量炎性细胞浸润。结论 三七茎叶皂苷通过降低受损心肌酶的释放，提高大鼠血清和心肌组织中SOD活性，降低MDA含量，从而发挥对异丙肾上腺素诱导的大鼠急性心肌缺血损伤的保护作用，其机制可能与清除氧自由基损伤有关。

Objective To study the protective effects of Panax notoginsegnoside of leaves (PnGL) on acute myocardial ischemia induced by isoprenaline in rats and its mechanism. Methods Healthy SD rats (60) were randomly divided into control group, model group, Di'ao Xinxuekang 70 mg/kg group, and PnGL 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg group, and each group had 10 rats. Rats in Di'ao Xinxuekang group and PnGL group were ig administered with drugs for 14 d, once daily. The control group and model group were ig administered with the same volume of distilled water at the first 11 d. Rats in the model group, Di'ao Xinxuekang group and PnGL group were sc administered with Isoprenaline Hydrochloride Injection for 3 d (the first day for 8 mg/kg, the second day for 8 mg/kg, and the third day for 2 mg/kg) to establish an acute myocardial ischemia model. Rats in the control group were ig administered with normal saline of the same volume. LDH, CK, AST, SOD activity, and MDA contents in serum and myocardial tissues of rats in each group were detected, and the pathological changes of acute myocardial injury tissues of rats were observed by HE staining. Results Compared with the model group, the activities of LDH, CK, and AST in serum of PnGL 40 and 80 mg/kg groups were significantly decreased, while the activities of LDH and AST in myocardial tissue were significantly increased (P<0.05, 0.01, 0.001). Compared with the model group, the SOD activity in the serum of PnGL 80 mg/kg group was significantly increased, while the MDA content in the 40 and 80 mg/kg groups was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The activity of SOD in myocardial tissue of PnGL 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg group were significantly increased (P<0.05, 0.01, 0.001), and the content of MDA were significantly decreased (P<0.05). In PnGL 80 mg/kg group, mild degeneration and necrosis of myocardial fibers were observed, and a small amount of inflammatory cells infiltrated between myocardial fibers. Conclusion PnGL play a protective role on isoprenaline-induced acute myocardial ischemia injury in rats by reducing the release of damaged myocardial enzymes, increasing SOD activity in serum and myocardial tissue, and reducing MDA content. Its mechanism of anti-myocardial ischemia injury may be related to scavenging oxygen free radicals.

辽东学院博士科研启动基金项目（2017BS003）