目的 研究夏枯草颗粒联合左甲状腺素片治疗结节性甲状腺肿的临床疗效。方法 选取2018年2月-2019年2月来国家电网公司北京电力医院治疗的120例结节性甲状腺肿患者为研究对象，将所有患者随机分为对照组和治疗组，每组各60例。对照组患者口服左甲状腺素钠片，2片/次，1次/d；治疗组患者在对照组基础上口服夏枯草颗粒，1袋/次，2次/d。两组患者持续治疗1个月。观察两组的临床疗效，比较两组的甲状腺结节数目、甲状腺结节最大直径、游离三碘甲腺原氨酸（FT3）、游离甲状腺素（FT4）、促甲状腺激素（TSH）、血清转化生长因子-β₁（TGF-β₁）、胰岛素样生长因子（IGF-1）水平。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为85.00%、95.00%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患者甲状腺结节数目、甲状腺结节最大直径均明显降低，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组患者甲状腺结节数目、甲状腺结节最大直径明显低于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患者血清FT3、FT4水平均显著降低，TSH水平均显著升高，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组患者血清FT3、FT4、TSH水平明显优于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患者血清IGF-1水平显著降低，TGF-β₁水平均显著升高，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组患者血清IGF-1和TGF-β₁水平明显优于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 夏枯草颗粒联合左甲状腺素片治疗结节性甲状腺肿具有较好的临床疗效，可改善临床症状，调节FT3、FT4、TSH、IGF-1和TGF-β₁水平，安全性较好，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To investigate the effect of Xiakucao Granules combined with Levothyroxine Sodium Tablets in treatment of nodular goiter. Methods Patients (120 cases) with nodular goiter in Beijing Electric Power Hospital from Feburary 2018 to February 2019 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, and each group had 60 cases. Patients in the control group were po administered with Levothyroxine Sodium Tablets, 2 tablets/time, once daily. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Xiakucao Granules on the basis of the control group, 1 bag/time, twice daily. Patients in two groups were treated for 1 month. After treatment, the clinical efficacies were evaluated, and the number and maximum diameter of thyroid nodules, and the levels of FT3, FT4, TSH, IGF-1, and TGF-β₁ in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 85.00% and 95.00%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the number and maximum diameter of thyroid nodules in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the observational indexes in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of FT3 and FT4 in two groups were significantly decreased, but the levels of TSH in two groups were significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the observational indexes in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of IGF-1 in two groups were significantly decreased, but the levels of TGF-β₁ in two groups were significantly increased, and the difference was statistically ignificant in the same group (P<0.05). And the observational indexes in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Xiakucao Granules combined with Levothyroxine Sodium Tablets has clinical curative effect in treatment of nodular goiter, can improve clinical symptoms, regulate the levels of FT3, FT4, TSH, IGF-1 and TGF-β₁, with good safety, which has a certain clinical application value.