目的 探讨重组人干扰素α1b联合丙酸氟替卡松治疗毛细支气管炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2017年2月—2017年11月在河北省第七人民医院治疗的毛细支气管炎患儿84例，随机分为对照组（42例）和治疗组（42例）。对照组吸入丙酸氟替卡松吸入气雾剂，100 μg/次，2次/d；治疗组在对照组基础上雾化吸入重组人干扰素α1b注射液，20 μg/kg，2次/d。两组治疗7 d。观察两组患者临床疗效，同时比较治疗前后两组患者临床症状改善时间、血清学指标和肺功能。结果 治疗后，对照组临床总有效率为80.95%，显著低于治疗组的95.24%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组患儿发热消退时间、啰音消失时间、咳嗽消失时间、憋喘消失时间均显著短于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患儿血清细胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）、半胱氨酰白三烯（CysLTs）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）水平显著降低（P<0.05），IL-10和干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）水平显著升高（P<0.05），且治疗后治疗组上述血清学指标明显优于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患儿呼吸频率（RR）、吸呼时间比（Ti/Te）显著降低（P<0.05），潮气量（VT）和达峰时间比（tPTEF/tE）显著升高（P<0.05），且治疗后治疗组肺功能明显优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 重组人干扰素α1b联合丙酸氟替卡松治疗毛细支气管炎可有效改善患儿临床症状，降低机体炎症反应，改善肺功能，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of recombinant human interferon α1b combined with fluticasone propionate in treatment of bronchiolitis. Methods Children (84 cases) with bronchiolitis in Hebei Seventh People's Hospital from February 2017 to November 2017 were randomly divided into control (42 cases) and treatment (42 cases) groups. Children in the control group were inhalation administered with Fluticasone Propionate Inhaled Aerosol, 100 μg/time, twice daily. Children in the treatment group were atomization inhalation administered with Recombinant Human Interferon α1b Injection on the basis of the control group, 20 μg/kg, twice daily. After treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated, and the improvement time of clinical symptoms, the serological indexes and the pulmonary function in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacy in the control group was 80.95%, which was significantly lower than 95.24% in the treatment group, and there were differences between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the disappearance time of fever, rale, cough, suffocating in the treatment group after treatment was significantly earlier than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the ICAM-1, CysLTs and IL-6 levels in two groups were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), IL-10 and IFN-γ levels were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the serological indexes in the treatment group after treatment were significantly better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the RR and Ti/Te in two groups were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), VT and tPTEF/tE were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the pulmonary function in the treatment group after treatment was significantly better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Recombinant human interferon α1b combined with fluticasone propionate in treatment of bronchioliti can effectively improve the clinical symptoms, reduce the inflammatory reaction and improve the lung function, which has a certain clinical application value.