目的 探讨采取沙丁胺醇联合猪肺磷脂注射液治疗新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的临床效果。方法 选取南阳市中心医院2016年2月—2017年2月收治的新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征患儿151例，随机分为对照组（75例）和治疗组（76例）。对照组气管滴入猪肺磷脂注射液，150 mg/kg；治疗组患儿在对照组基础上雾化吸入吸入用硫酸沙丁胺醇溶液，0.25 mL/次，3次/d。两组患儿连续治疗3 d。观察两组患儿临床疗效，比较治疗前后两组患儿心率、呼吸频率、舒张压、血气分析指标、肺功能指标和血清铁蛋白（SF）水平。结果 治疗后，对照组临床有效率为85.33%，显著低于治疗组的97.37%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患儿心率、呼吸频率、动脉二氧化碳分压（pCO₂）和SF水平均显著降低，舒张压、动脉血氧饱和度（SaO₂）、动脉血氧分压（pO₂）、第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV₁）和最大呼气峰流速（PEF）显著升高，同组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组患儿上述指标改善情况明显优于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 沙丁胺醇联合猪肺磷脂注射液治疗新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征患儿临床疗效较好，并能显著改善临床症状，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of salbutamol combined with Poractant Alfa Injection in treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Methods Children (151 cases) with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in Nanyang City Central Hospital from February 2016 to February 2017 were randomly divided into control (75 cases) and treatment (76 cases). Children in the control group were endotracheal instillation administered with Poractant Alfa Injection, 150 mg/kg. Children in the treatment group were atomization inhalation administered with Salbutamol Sulfate Inhalation Solution on the basis of the control group, 0.25 mL/time, three times daily. Children in two groups were treated for 3 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated, and the heart rate, respiratory frequency, diastolic blood pressure, blood gas analysis indexes, lung function and SF levels in two groups before and after treatment was compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacy in the control group was 85.33%, which was significantly lower than 97.37% in the treatment group, and there were differences between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the heart rate, respiratory frequency, pCO₂ and SF levels in two groups were significantly decreased, but the diastolic blood pressure, SaO₂, pO₂, FEV1 and PEF levels were significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P < 0.05). And these indexes in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Salbutamol combined with Poractant Alfa Injection has good clinical effect in treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, and can significantly improve the clinical symptoms, which has a certain clinical application value.