目的 探讨参苓白术散联合羧甲淀粉钠溶液治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染的临床疗效。方法 选取2016年2月—2017年2月在中国人民解放军第一五三中心医院治疗的反复呼吸道感染患儿100例，根据用药的差别分为对照组（50例）和治疗组（50例）。对照组口服羧甲淀粉钠溶液，2～5岁患儿7 mL/次，6～8岁10 mL/次，9～14岁15 mL/次，3次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上口服参苓白术散，2～6岁患儿3 g/次，7～14岁6 g/次，2次/d。两组患儿均规律治疗3个月。观察两组患者临床疗效，比较治疗前后两组患儿临床症状改善时间、免疫指标和血清炎性指标变化。结果 治疗后，对照组临床总有效率为80.00%，显著低于治疗组的94.00%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患儿咳嗽、发热和肺部啰音消失时间均明显短于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患儿血清IgA、IgG均显著升高，IgE水平显著降低，同组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组上述免疫指标比对照组改善更明显（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患儿血清半胱氨酰白三烯（Cysl Ts）、降钙素（PCT）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平均明显降低，IL-2和IL-10水平均明显升高，同组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组上述血清炎性指标明显优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 参苓白术散联合羧甲淀粉钠溶液治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染可有效改善患儿临床症状，提高机体免疫功能，降低机体炎症反应。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Shenling Baizhu Powder combined with Carboxymethylstarch Sodium Solution in treatment of children with recurrent respiratory infection. Methods Children (100 cases) with recurrent respiratory infection in the 153rd Central Hospital of PLA from February 2016 to February 2017 were divided into control (50 cases) and treatment (50 cases) groups based on different treatments. Children in the control group were po administered with Carboxymethylstarch Sodium Solution, 7 mL/time for 2-5 years old children, 10 mL/time for 6-8 years old children, 15 mL/time for 9-14 years old children, three times daily. Children in the treatment group were po administered with Shenling Baizhu Powder on the basis of the control group, 3 g/time for 2-6 years old children, 6 g/time for 7-14 years old children, twice daily. Children in two groups were treated for 3 months. After treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated, and the changes of the improvement time of clinical symptoms, immunological indexes, and serum inflammatory markers in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacy in the control group was 80.00%, which was significantly lower than 94.00% in the treatment group, and there were differences between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the disappearing time of cough, fever, and lung rale in the treatment group was obviously shorter than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the IgA and IgG levels in two groups were significantly increased, but IgE was significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P < 0.05). And the immunological indexes in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the serum Cysl Ts, PCT, IL-6 and TNF-α in two groups were significantly decreased, but IL-2 and IL-10 levels were significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P < 0.05). And the level of these serum inflammatory markers in the treatment group was significantly better than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Shenling Baizhu Powder combined with Carboxymethylstarch Sodium Solution can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and immune function in treatment of children with recurrent respiratory infection, and reduce inflammatory reaction.