目的 分析2014—2017年天津市儿童医院铜绿假单胞菌的分布和耐药性，为合理应用抗菌药物提供依据。方法 采用回顾性调查方法，对2014—2017年天津市儿童医院铜绿假单胞菌的分布及耐药性进行统计学分析。结果 共分离出铜绿假单胞菌572株，检出率为5.27%。以痰液为主要来源，构成比为56.1%。检出科室以呼吸科最高，占25.3%。铜绿假单胞菌对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦的耐药率最低，为3.32%；对头孢曲松、呋喃妥因和头孢呋辛酯的耐药率高，分别为100.0%、99.5%、98.8%。结论 天津市儿童医院铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性基本稳定，临床治疗时应根据药敏结果有针对性地合理选用抗菌药物，以提高疗效并减少耐药菌株产生。

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Tianjin Children's Hosptial from 2014 to 2017, and to provide the reference for reasonable use of antibiotics. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to analyze the distribution and drug resistance of P. aeruginosa in Tianjin Children's Hosptial from 2014 to 2017. Results A total of 572 strains of P. aeruginosa were isolated, and the detection rate was 5.27%. The specimens were mainly obtained from the sputum, accounting for 56.1%. P. aeruginosa was primarily isolated from the Department of Respiration, accounting for 25.3%. The drug resistance rate of P. aeruginosa against cefoperazone/sulbactam was the lowest, accounting for 3.32%. The drug resistance rate of P. aeruginosa against ceftriaxone, nitrofurantoin, and cefuroxime axetil was higher, accounting for 100.0%, 99.5%, and 98.8%, respectively. Conclusion The drug resistance of P. aeruginosa in Tianjin Children's Hosptial is relatively stable. In order to improve clinical efficacy and reduce the occurrence of drug resistance strains, clinical physicians should choose reasonable antibiotics according to the drug sensitivity results. And more attention should be paid on the prevention.