目的 通过比较五味子不同炮制品对肾阳虚大鼠的补益作用，为酒五味子“入补药熟用”提供药理学依据。方法 采用甲巯咪唑法造肾阳虚大鼠模型，将成模大鼠随机分为模型组、右归丸（3.7 g/kg）组、生五味子（2.8 g/kg）组、酒五味子（2.8 g/kg）组、醋五味子（2.8 g/kg）组，另设对照组，每组10只。各给药组从第16天开始ig相应药液，给药体积均为10 mL/kg，连续30 d。试剂盒测定各组大鼠血清中游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT3）、游离四碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT4）、促甲状腺素（TSH）、一氧化氮（NO）、促甲状腺激素释放激素（TRH）水平；测定血浆中环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）、环磷酸鸟苷（cGMP）水平，计算cAMP/cGMP；观察各组大鼠甲状腺组织病理形态。结果 与模型组比较，五味子各炮制品均能不同程度地提高大鼠血清FT3、FT4、NO及下丘脑TRH水平，降低血清TSH水平，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05、0.01）；均可以提高血浆cAMP水平，降低血浆cGMP水平，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05、0.01）。其中与生五味子、醋五味子组比较，酒五味子作用最优（P<0.01）。五味子各炮制品对甲状腺病理形态均有所改善，其中酒五味子、醋五味子较优。结论 五味子的补肾作用与改善下丘脑–垂体–甲状腺（HPT）轴功能抑制有关，酒五味子补肾作用最好。

Objective To compare the effects of different Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus processed products on tonifying action in rats with yang kidney deficiency, so as to provide pharmacological basis for the "processed Schisandra chinensis fruits as a tonic". Methods The model of yang kidney deficiency rats were induced by methimazole method, and were randomly divided into model group, Yougui Pills (3.7 g/kg) group, raw S. chinensis fruits (2.8 g/kg) group, wine S. chinensis fruits (2.8 g/kg) group, and vinegar S. chinensis fruits (2.8 g/kg) group, as well as the control group was established, and each group had 10 rats. Rats in treatment groups were ig administrated with corresponding drugs volume of 10 mL/kg from 16th day for 30 d. Kit determination methods were used to measure serum FT3, FT4, TSH, NO, and TRH. Plasma cAMP and cGMP contents were also determined and calculate the ratio of cAMP/cGMP. The thyroid pathological changes in rats were observed. Results Compared with the model group, the treatment groups could enhance the levels of serum FT3, FT4, NO, and hypothalamic TRH levels, and reduce the level of serum TSH, and there was difference between two groups (P < 0.05, 0.01). And Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus could increase the plasma contents of cAMP, decrease the levels of plasma cGMP, with significant difference between two groups (P< 0.05, 0.01). Compared with raw and vinegar S. chinensis fruits groups, the effects of wine S. chinensis fruits group was the best (P < 0.01). Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus could improve the pathological morphology of thyroid, and the effects of vinegar and wine S. chinensis fruits groups were better. Conclusion The kidney tonifying effect of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus is related to improvement of the inhibition of hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis function, and the best effect of kidney tonifying is wine S. chinensis fruits.

中医药行业科研专项项目（20110700704）