目的 研究不同采收期龙胆中龙胆苦苷、獐牙菜苦苷、獐牙菜苷的变化规律。方法 采用Welchrom C₁₈色谱柱（250mm×4.6 mm，5 μm）；流动相：甲醇-水（25：75）；检测波长：270（龙胆苦苷）、240 nm（獐芽菜苦苷和獐牙菜苷）；体积流量：1.0 mL/min；柱温：25℃；进样量为10 μL。分别采收9、10月上、中、下旬的龙胆，考察其中龙胆苦苷、獐牙菜苦苷、獐牙菜苷的变化。结果 在9-10月，龙胆中龙胆苦苷、獐牙菜苦苷和獐牙菜苷的量基本呈现同步上升、同步下降趋势。在9月中旬最高，9月下旬最低。与9月下旬比较，10月上旬的量有所回升，而10月下旬的量再次呈下降趋势。结论 龙胆药材最佳采收季节为9月中旬，此时龙胆苦苷、獐芽菜苦苷和獐牙菜苷的量最高。

Objective To study the dynamics trends of gentiopicroside, swertiamarin, and sweroside from Gentianae Radix et Rhizoma in different harvesting time. Methods The determination was carried out on Welchrom C₁₈ column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase consisted of methanol-water (25:75). The detection wavelengths were 240 nm (determination of swertiamarin and sweroside) and 270 nm (determination of gentiopicroside). The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, and the column temperature was set at 25℃ with injection volume of 10 μL. Gentianae Radix et Rhizoma were collected in upper-, middle-, and late September and October, and the contents of gentiopicroside, swertiamarin, and sweroside were compared. Results The content of gentiopicroside, swertiamarin, and sweroside in Gentianae Radix et Rhizoma were simultaneously rising or falling from September to October, and the maximum degree was in mid-September, but the minimum degree was in late September, Compared with those in September, the contents were gradually rising in early October, while gradually decreased in mid-October. Conclusion The optimal harvest time of Gentianae Radix et Rhizoma is mid-September when the content of gentiopicroside, swertiamarin, and sweroside are the highest.

国家中药标准化项目（ZYBZH-Y-TJ-43）