目的 探究甲磺酸酚妥拉明注射液联合盐酸多巴胺注射液和盐酸多巴酚丁胺注射液治疗小儿重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭的临床疗效。方法 选取2014年10月-2015年12月在新乡市妇幼保健院治疗的小儿重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患儿160例，采用随机化分组方式将患儿分为对照组和治疗组，每组各80例。对照组静脉滴注盐酸多巴胺注射液和盐酸多巴酚丁胺注射液，两种药物以2~3 μg/（kg·min）等量加入到10%葡萄糖注射液20~30 mL中，1次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上静脉滴注甲磺酸酚妥拉明注射液，0.3~0.5 mg/kg加入到多巴胺和多巴酚丁胺的混合注射液中。两组患儿均连续治疗3~5 d。观察两组的临床疗效，比较两组的临床症状、血气指标和炎症因子的情况。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为82.5%、96.3%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组呼吸困难消失时间、心率恢复时间、咳嗽停止时间和住院时间明显短于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组氧分压（pO₂）和血氧饱和度（SPO₂）水平均明显升高，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组pO₂水平明显高于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组C反应蛋白（CRP）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）水平均明显降低，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组这些观察指标明显低于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 甲磺酸酚妥拉明注射液联合盐酸多巴胺注射液和盐酸多巴酚丁胺注射液治疗小儿重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭具有较好的临床疗效，可改善临床症状，调节血气指标，降低炎症反应，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Dopamine Hydrochloride Injection combined with Dobutamine Hydrochloride Injection and Phentolamine Mesylate Injection in treatment of severe pneumonia complicated with respiratory failure in children. Methods Children (160 cases) with severe pneumonia complicated with respiratory failure in Xinxiang Maternal and Child Care Service Centre from October 2014 to December 2015 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, and each group had 80 cases. Children in the control group were iv administered with Dopamine Hydrochloride Injection and Dobutamine Hydrochloride Injection, equal amounts of two drugs with 2-3 μg/(kg·min) added into 10% glucose solution 20-30 mL, once daily. Patients in the treatment group were iv administered with Phentolamine Mesylate Injection on the basis of the control group, 0.3-0.5 mg/kg added into mixed injection of dopamine and dobutamine. Patients in two groups were treated for 3-5 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacies were evaluated, and clinical symptoms, blood gas indexes, and inflammatory factors in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 82.5% and 96.3%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, dyspnea disappearance time, heart rate recovery time, cough stop time, and hospitalization time in the treatment group were shorter than those in the control group, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of pO₂ and SPO₂ in two groups were significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the levels of pO₂ in the treatment group were significantly higher than that in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of CPR and IL-6 in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the observational indexes in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Dopamine Hydrochloride Injection combined with Dobutamine Hydrochloride Injection and Phentolamine Mesylate Injection has clinical curative effect in treatment of severe pneumonia complicated with respiratory failure in children, can improve clinical symptoms, regulate blood gas indexes, and decrease inflammatory reaction, which has a certain clinical application value.