目的 探讨小儿柴桂退热颗粒联合注射用炎琥宁治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染的临床疗效。方法 选取2015年6月-2016年9月北京市门头沟区妇幼保健院收治的急性上呼吸道感染患儿130例，所有患儿按照随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组，每组各65例。对照组静脉滴注注射用炎琥宁，15 mg/kg加入到5%葡萄糖溶液250 mL中，1次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上口服小儿柴桂退热颗粒，年龄<4岁：4 g/次，4~6岁：6 g/次，年龄≥ 7岁：8 g/次，3次/d。两组患者均连续治疗7 d。观察两组的临床疗效，比较两组的临床症状改善和炎症因子水平。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为81.54%、92.31%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组退热时间、咽肿消退时间和止涕时间明显短于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）水平均明显降低，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组这些观察指标明显低于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 小儿柴桂退热颗粒联合注射用炎琥宁治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染具有较好的临床疗效，可改善患儿的临床症状，减轻炎症反应，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To investigate the effect of Xiaoer Chaigui Tuire Granules combined with Potassium sodium Dehydroandroandrographolide Succinate for injection in treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection in children. Methods Children (130 cases) with acute upper respiratory tract infection in Beijing Mentougou District Maternal and Child Care Service Centre from June 2015 to September 2016 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, and each group had 65 cases. Patients in the control group were iv administered with Potassium Sodium Pehydroandroandrographolide Succinate for injection, 15 mg/kg added into 5% glucose solution 250 mL, once daily. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Xiaoer Chaigui Tuire Granules on the basis of the control group, age < 4 years:4 g/time, 4 years ≤ age < 7 years:6 g/time, 7 years ≥ age:8 g/time, three times daily. Patients in two groups were treated for 7 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacies were evaluated, and clinical symptom improvement and inflammatory factors levels in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 81.54% and 92.31%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, pyretolysis time, pharyngeal swelling subsided time, and nasal stopping time in the treatment group were significantly shorter than those in the control group, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of hs-CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the observational indexes in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Xiaoer Chaigui Tuire Granules combined with Potassium sodium Dehydroandroandrographolide Succinate for injection has clinical curative effect in treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection in children, can improve clinical symptoms, and relieve inflammatory reaction, which has a certain clinical application value.