目的 探讨黄芪注射液联合新斯的明治疗腹部手术后尿潴留的临床疗效。方法 收集2014年10月—2016年10月在天津中医药大学第一附属医院就诊的腹部手术后尿潴留的患者116例，随机分为对照组和治疗组，每组各58例。对照组患者在常规护理基础上肌肉注射甲硫酸新斯的明注射液，1 mg/次。治疗组患者在对照组的治疗基础上于三阴交穴位注射黄芪注射液，2 mL/次。观察两组患者治疗前后临床疗效以及排尿时间和VAS评分改善情况。结果 治疗后，对照组患者总有效率为79.31%，显著低于治疗组的98.28%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P< 0.05）。治疗后，治疗组患者开始排尿时间明显短于对照组，且术后3、6 h，治疗组患者的疼痛明显轻于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P< 0.05）。结论 黄芪注射液联合新斯的明治疗腹部手术后尿潴留的临床疗效显著，能显著缩短小便时间、减轻痛苦，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

objective To explore the clinical effect of Huangqi Injection combined with neostigmine in treatment of urinary retention after abdominal surgery. Methods Patients (116 cases) with urinary retention after abdominal surgery in the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM from October 2014 to October 2016 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, and each group had 58 cases. Patients in the control group were im injected with Neostigmine Methylsulfate Injection on the basis of routine care, 1 mg/time. Patients in the treatment group were injected with Huangqi Injection on the basis of the control group in Sanyinjiao acupoint, 2 mL/time. The improvement of clinical efficacy, voiding time and VAS scores in two groups before and after treatment was compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacy in the control group was 79.31%, which was significantly lower than 98.28% in the treatment group, and there were differences between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the voiding time in the treatment group was significantly shorter than that in the control group, and the pain in the treatment group was significantly less than that in the control group after the operation for 3 and 6 h, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Huangqi Injection combined with neostigmine has significant efficacy in treatment of urinary retention after abdominal surgery, can significantly shorten the voiding time and ease the pain, which has a certain clinical application value.