目的 对2015年天津中医药大学第二附属医院中药注射剂超说明书用药情况进行调查分析，为临床合理用药提供参考。方法 随机抽取2015年天津中医药大学第二附属医院中药注射剂门急诊处方3 526份，从适应症、给药剂量及频次、溶媒选择、疗程、给药途径等方面进行超说明书用药分析。结果 中药注射剂存在一定程度超适应症、超剂量、溶媒选择不当、超疗程及超给药途径用药等超说明书用药的情况。疏血通注射液的超适应症处方数最多，为154例，构成比为24.06%。在超给药剂量及频次方面，醒脑静注射液的发生率最高。注射用灯盏细辛的超溶媒数最多；在超疗程方面，注射用血栓通的处方数最多；注射用丹参多酚酸盐的超给药途径数最多。结论 加强处方点评与反馈，对超说明书用药进行有效干预，促进中药注射剂的合理使用。

Objective To investigate the off-label use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injection in Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM, and to provide reference for reasonable application of TCM injection. Methods Outpatient prescription (3 526 cases) using TCM injection in Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM in 2015 were randomly extracted, and ultra-indication, drug dosage and frequency, the selection of solvent, period of treatment, and administration route of TCM injection were analyzed and evaluated. Results There was a certain degree of off-label use of drugs, including ultra-indication, ultra-dosage, improper choice of solvents, ultra-course of medication, and ultra-administration route of TCM injection. There were 154 cases of ultra-indication prescriptions of Shuxuetong Injection, accounting for 24.06%. In ultra-dosage and frequency, the incidence rate of Xingnaojing Injection was the highest. The number of Dengzhan Xixin Injection in ultra-solvent was the most. There was the most prescription of Xueshuantong for injection in ultra-course of medication, and with the most prescription of Tanshinpolyphenolic Salt for injection in ultra-administration route. Conclusion Prescription comments and feedback should be strengthened, and off-label use of TCM injection should be given effective intervention, to promote rational use of TCM injection.