目的 探讨喜炎平注射液联合头孢曲松钠治疗小儿支气管肺炎的临床疗效。方法 选取天津市人民医院2014年4月—2015年4月收治的小儿支气管肺炎312例，随机分为对照组和治疗组，每组各156例。对照组患儿静脉滴注注射用头孢曲松钠，50~80 mg/(kg·d)。治疗组患儿在对照组的基础上静脉滴注喜炎平注射液，5~10 mg/(kg·d)加入5%葡萄糖注射液。两组患儿均连续治疗10 d。观察两组患儿治疗前后临床疗效、退热时间、咳嗽消失时间、肺啰音消失时间、住院时间，以及白介素-1β（IL-1β）、IL-6、IL-8和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）等炎性介质的水平变化。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为79.49%、98.72%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。治疗后，治疗组的退热时间、咳嗽消失时间、肺啰音消失时间和住院时间明显短于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。治疗后，两组患者IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α水平均明显降低，同组比较差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；且治疗组患者上述炎性介质水平显著低于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。治疗后，对照组的不良反应率为10.3%，显著高于治疗组的3.8%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论 喜炎平注射液联合头孢曲松钠治疗小儿支气管肺炎可以较快缓解患儿临床症状，改善炎性介质水平，且安全性较好。

Objective To study the effect of Xiyanping Injection combined with ceftriaxone sodium in treatment of children with bronchopneumonia. Methods Children (312 cases) with bronchopneumonia in Tianjin People's Hospital from April 2014 to April 2015 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, each group had 156 cases. Children in the control group were iv administered with Ceftriaxone Sodiun for injection, 50 — 80 mg/(kg·d). Children in the treatment group were iv administered with Xiyanping Injection on the basis of the control group, 5 — 10 mg/(kg·d) added into 5% glucose injection. Children in two groups were treated for 10 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacy, antifebrile time, cough disappeared time, lung rale disappeared time, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 79.49% and 98.72% respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the antifebrile time, cough disappeared time, lung rale disappeared time in treatment group were significantly shorter than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels in two groups significantly decreased, and there was difference in the same groups (P < 0.05). And these inflammatory mediators levels in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the adverse reactions rate in the control group was 10.3%, which was significantly higher than 3.8% in the treatment group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Xiyanping Injection combined with ceftriaxone sodium can quickly relieve the clinical symptoms and improve inflammatory mediators in treatment of children with bronchopneumonia with high safety.