目的 探讨鸦胆子油乳注射液联合放疗治疗喉癌的临床疗效。方法 选取2013年1月—2016年1月十堰市太和医院收治的喉癌患者68例为研究对象，随机数字表格法将所有患者分为对照组和治疗组，每组各34例。对照组给予直线加速器6MV-X射线喉部照射，剂量40 Gy/20次，5次/周。治疗组在对照组基础上静脉滴注鸦胆子油乳注射液（沈阳药大雷允上药业有限责任公司生产，规格10 mL，产品批号1305003），30 mL加入到0.9%氯化钠注射液250 mL中，1次/d，治疗14 d。观察两组的近期疗效，比较两组生活质量、T淋巴细胞亚群、NK细胞、喉癌组织凋亡基因表达和不良反应。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组的有效率分别为67.65%、88.23%，疾病控制率分别为88.23%、97.06%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。治疗后，对照组和治疗组的生活质量改善率分别为70.59%、91.18%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。治疗后，治疗组CD³⁺、CD⁴⁺、CD⁴⁺/CD⁸⁺、NK细胞水平明显上升，治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；且治疗组这些观察指标的上升程度明显优于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。治疗后，两组Bcl-2表达均显著下降，而Bax表达均显著上升，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；且治疗组这些观察指标的改善程度明显优于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。治疗后，对照组和治疗组放射性皮肤反应发生率分别为100.00%、44.12%，放射性黏膜反应发生率分别为61.76%、35.29%，两组总有效率比较差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论 鸦胆子油乳联合放疗治疗喉癌具有较好的临床疗效，可提高生存质量，改善机体免疫力，减少放射性不良反应发生，具有一定的临床应用价值。

Objective To explore the effect of Yadanzi Oil Emulsion Injection combined with radiotherapy in treatment of laryngeal carcinoma. Methods Patients (84 cases) with laryngeal carcinoma in Taihe Hospital (Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine) from January 2013 to January 2016 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, and each group had 34 cases. Patients in the control group were given a linear accelerator 6MV-X ray irradiation, 40 Gy/20 times, 5 times weekly. Patients in the treatment group were iv administered with Yadanzi Oil Emulsion Injection on the basis of the control group, 30 mL added into normal saline 250 mL, once daily. Patients in the treatment group were treated for 14 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacies were evaluated, and quality of life, T lymphocyte subsets, NK cells, apoptosis gene, and adverse reactions in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 67.65% and 88.23%, respectively, the clinical benefit rate were 88.23% and 97.06%, respectively, and there were difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the improvement rate of quality of life in the control and treatment groups were 70.59% and 91.18%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, CD³⁺, CD⁴⁺, CD⁴⁺/CD⁸⁺, and NK cells in the treatment group were significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P < 0.05). And the observational indexes in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the expressions of Bcl-2 in two groups were significantly decreased, but the expressions of Bax in two groups were significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P < 0.05). And the observational indexes in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the incidence of radiation dermatitis in the control and treatment groups were 100.00% and 44.12%, respectively, and the incidence of radiation mucositis in the control and treatment groups were 61.76% and 35.29%, respectively, and there were difference between two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Yadanzi Oil Emulsion Injection combined with radiotherapy has clinical curative effect in treatment of laryngeal carcinoma, can improve quality of life and body immunity, and decrease adverse reaction of radioactivity, which has a certain clinical application value.